Reading Reflection Essay

The literary work that we discussed this week was interesting to me in so many ways. The chapters talked about different types of literature such as poems, short stories, and also novels. Throughout the reading I experience literature in a way I have never understood before. Literature restores the past, stimulates the imagination, glorifies the commonplace, evokes emotions and links feeling to thinking, upholds a vision of the ideal and reveals human nature by exploring significant human questions. I have to say I have been truly convinced. The purpose of the creative process is to give things form. Writers are artists who use words to express ideas and feelings. As a reader I had to use my imagination which is the human power that shapes artistic expression; it enables a writer’s work to become an expression of meaning in our world, and allows readers to engage in identifying with what the writer’s work has to say about things that matter. So basically we all become writer’s in a sense. When reading this paper you imagine how to feel when I found out a little more about literature. Literature allows you to read with a purpose while at the same time using the experience to connect to the writer. Literature is a creative process that begins in writers’ experiences and imaginings. Image is a distant representation of something that can be experienced and understood through the senses or the representation of an idea. Writer’s use precise language in developing images, or imagery in a literary work. Tone also plays an important part in a literary work. It identifies how the author approaches a subject and conveys it to readers. Either way we look at it as literature been a very important part of our history. We tend to use literature in everyday life. We have to search for meaning and explore literature in different aspects of been a reader or writer. We can use the Biographical/Historical approach to evaluate the meaning of a literary work. It’s the attempt to measure the extent to which the life of the author or a historical context can shape literary expression. Critics’ adopt a historical period as a context, creates characters that reflect its value, and explores trends that occur in it. William Faulker was an American writer who took this approach, creating narratives that identified values and conflicts in a historic era in the South. He created complex characters and a community that carefully mirrored life in the South and, used them as centerpieces in several of his works. You could also apply persona to this analytical approach referring to the narrator in a story or the speaker in a poem, who may or may not reflect the perspective of the author. The creativity to start a literary work is in our imagination we just have to put it down on paper. Reference: Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into Literature. San Diego, California: Bridgeport Education, Inc. https://content. ashford. edu/books Ashford Online Library.

Eddie loves Catherine Essay

The reason why Eddie loved Catherine so much is because she knew everything about him and had the qualities that Eddie liked. Eddie treated her like a child because he did not want he to realise that she was growing up. Eddie liked this because he could have control over her. At this point this is when the audience realises that Eddie has no hopes except from the hopes of having a woman he can never have. The audience may think that Eddie is selfish because he will not let Catherine lead her own life. By looking at the way eddies personality changes I think that he is having a mid-life crisis. There are different types of relationships in the play: The relationship with Eddie and Catherine is incestuous love. The relationship between Beatrice and Eddie is platonic love. The relationship between Rodolpho and Eddie is they are like rivals trying to get Catherine. The relationship between Marco and Eddie is hatred. The relationship between Alfieri and Eddie that Alfieri is eddies lawyer. I feel that Catherine is partly to blame because she knew everything about Eddie and so she should have realised his feeling to wards her. Also she should have not acted like a child all the time allowing Eddie to have control over her. I feel sorry for Marco because he is a good person trying to give his family a good future but Eddie destroys his plans. I also feel sorry for Rodolpho because he done what everyone does, falls in love. We can tell that he is a good person because he tries to make up with Eddie. I think Beatrice has no self-esteem because she does everything that Eddie tells her and does not stick up for herself. I think that Eddie is helpless. He is obsessed with work and I think that he has no future. I think that because he did not get his only hope that he did not mind dying. I do not feel sorry for Eddie dying because he is a back stabber and should not of done what he done. I think that he is very over protective and over reacted when he found out that Catherine was in love. The audiences’ reaction might be different to mine but I was shocked when Marco killed Eddie because I thought that it might have been Rodolpho that killed him because of all the things that Eddie done to him.

A critique of Music Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A critique of Music - Assignment Example The Quintet uses a typical four movement format with Allegro, Larghetto, Menuetto and Allegretto giving variation in mood and pace back and forth from fast to slow. Like most classical pieces, there is a clear development in a straight line from start to finish, with repetition here and there which gives it a regular structure. Mozart uses chromatic harmonies but they are not allowed to dominate. One of the most noticeable features of the orchestration is how the clarinet and the other instruments alternate, as if they are playing with each other. A good example of this is the second movement which starts with the clarinet and cello, goes on to use clarinet and violin, and carries on with these changes so that the clarinet pops in and out of the music. It is not just a main clarinet with strings accompanying it. All of the instruments take over the melody and then give it back to the clarinet. The greatest strength of the piece is the lyrical voice of the clarinet which is fully used in all its range and flexibility. If it has a weakness, it is the adherence to the classical format, which is perhaps a little bit predictable. The piece is one of my favourites, especially the second movement because of the sadness that is pouring out of it. According to Wold and others (p. 233) Mozart is â€Å"the most nearly perfect musical creator in the history of Western music† and this quintet is one of his most popular and most perfect compositions and so it is unlikely that it will ever be

Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Microeconomics - Essay Example This is illustrated by the diagram below. c) In order to achieve a socially efficient level of coal gas mining, policies that promote the underground water system understanding, interconnectivity and the gas extraction and processing life cycle should be adopted. Secondly, policies that demand absolute scientific knowledge of the industry and its potential impacts on the society matter. These to enable a comparison of efficient coal power generation and the societal efficient production requirements to minimize the adverse effects on the society. a). The key most barrier to entry that would help to establish and keep Monsanto’s market power in the United States seed market is the patenting of the Monsanto seeds that prevents farmers from stocking other seed companies. The high cost of entry into the seed industry as a result of the high prices charged by Monsanto is another significant barrier to entry. New companies would find it very expensive to incur high entry costs that may be risky given the established Monsanto Company. The policies and the high prices are the significant barriers to the entry of other companies into the industry. b). If the United States Department of Justice investigations resulted in the cancellation of the Monsanto patents as an anticompetitive practice in the seed industry, a number of resultant effects would be experienced. Firstly, the level of competition in the US seed industry will most likely increase as more seed companies will be able to venture into the industry with reduced barriers to entry. The farmers will have a choice between varieties of the seed companies for their seed markets. Secondly, the supply of seeds is likely to increase with increased number of seed companies into the industry. As a result, the prices of seeds in the market will be driven down by the increased supply, and this would reduce the

The Structured Interview Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Structured Interview Method - Essay Example The interviewee was a Speech Pathologist at an Elementary School in Northwest suburbs of Chicago.  Ã‚  Ã‚  She indicated that she has been teaching at this school for six years and she has seven years experience as a teacher. She currently teaches 45 students of which are 30 males while 15 are females. The interviewee has also worked for a rehab company in skilled nursing facilities. In this interview, I sought to gain insight about the approach she uses when he teaches a class of learners with special needs. She indicated that parent(s), resource teacher, OT, PT, principal, nurse, school psychologist or general education teacher attend IEP meetings if applicable. The meetings usually vary from 30 minutes to 60 minutes depending on the needs of the student. The interviewee also stated that consultative minutes are completed weekly. However meetings to discuss students on the caseload or those who may need services due to concerns are held twice a month. The teacher indicated that m eetings with the teacher to discuss goals, vocabulary needing to be addressed with the speech therapy setting as well as any other concerns that the teacher may have are usually done at least once a week. The site also uses student study team meetings and it also implements RTI process. The success of this initiative is attributed to the use of cooperative/collaborative teams as well as co-teaching One great lesson I learnt from this interview is that continued teacher education is essential with regards to dealing with special needs learners. The needs of these learners constantly change depending on the environment in which they are living in hence the teachers need to improve their knowledge constantly in order to be in a position to meet the changing needs of the learners. Teachers can gain more knowledge through group discussions since these allow them to interact freely. Teamwork as well as inclusion of all teachers concerned in teaching special education classes are basic ten ets of success with regards to the achievement of the desired goals in improving the quality of education for learners with special needs. The interviewee indicated that SPED students are graded using the same method as regular education students. The goals are goals being addressed through their IEP are noted on progress updates completed at each report card. She also stated that flexible grouping and volunteer parent intervention are essential in order to establish the need of the students with special needs. The other strategy used in teaching students with special needs is to move them down to a grade lower level reading group if it is seen as appropriate to his or her level. However, the only shortcoming I have realised of all the strategies used is that they grade the students with special needs in the same way they grade general students. These two groups are quite different hence they may not use the same strategy to grade them. In conclusion, I can safely say that this inte rview achieved its objectives. As the interviewee aptly stated, there is no right way for everything. This is mainly because of the fact that we live in different areas and these are characterised by different things. For instance, the people in each area have their own way of doing things.

Critical bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical bibliography - Essay Example Scholars are capable to get concrete evidence when they study the above named book; further will be fed with vital information concerning history and terrorism (Kaldor 200). According to the book, it is evident that there were some difference in the war that took place during post-war II and the previous wars; this is because there are certain multiples issues that have changed. For instance, the following aspects have greatly changed, players, rules and methods and also have greatly changed the initial aspects of war. It is pertinent to note that in the case of the old wars, the main target is the uniformed armies who combat each other. The war according to the book, has several influence on a nation for instance, the act can heighten the nationalism on integrity and enabling the state to further tax. On other hand, the new wars involves is witnessed by the impact of the globalization on warfare’s. Several features heighten and indicate the phenomenon of â€Å"new war†. Currently, new wars are staged on the claiming identity, and not necessarily the territory. Terror tactics and guerrilla, and the international crime impacts and division of the ethnic perpetual just to mention but a few. The article here argues that more emphasis are necessary to strengthen revolution of French with the aim of war gestation in the nineteenth century. Further, the article acknowledges the fact that the Russian wars act in nineteenth century is exaggeration since there were many terrorist movements that had little connections to Russia. Finally, the article articulates that connections between political nihilism and terrorism are in exaggeration and that nihilist drives very few war movements. It is pertinent to note the new and new war is a recent phenomenon even though the term has been long in the mind of the individuals. Analysts had preference in focusing on violence or terror in politics no matter of the sub-state or state deploys

Grand Met case, on horizontal integration Essay

Grand Met case, on horizontal integration - Essay Example So it is becoming more important for the business managers to redefine the strategies based on the situations in the market and direct the company to attain great success. GrandMet integrated horizontally and also diversified their business by merging with several companies that are either related or not related to the business. That was done in order to acquire the strategic resources that were important for the smooth operation of GrandMet. In this study the strategic choices of Max Joseph and his team would be analysed from the inception of GrandMet, so that the approaches applied for making the strategic decisions can be understood. Apart from this the reasons for choosing the strategies would also be evaluated and scrutinised so that the feasibility of the strategies can be discussed and decisions can be taken regarding the capabilities of Max Joseph and his decision making abilities. External Environment and Internal Strategic Capabilities In order to make strategic choices in the increasingly competitive environment, the firms have analysed the threats and opportunities according to the strategic management process. An analysis of the economic environment which includes the direction and the characteristics of the economy in which the firm is operating or competing has to be analysed. As far as the macro environmental aspects are concerned, GrandMet engaged themselves into the business of fast moving consumer durables (FMCG), which customers required everyday and the rate of repurchase in such cases are also high. So it can be said the choosing the FMCG market was due to the huge potential in this sector (Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson, 2012, p. 13-15). However, the fact remains that the FMCG market is dominated by few major players, who are considered to the best brands and they have also got well established distribution channels or supply chain, corporate system, are financially stable and have a sustainable position both economically and strategically. These features of the major players, such as Pepsi Co., or Bread Inc., in the FMCG industry were a major threat for GrandMet. Moreover, the FMCG market is extremely competitive and the customers have various choices, substitute products, and complementary products, which also gives the customers high bargaining power. This also leads to the increase in competitiveness and reduction of the profit margin of the companies or marketers. Customers are also afraid or reluctant to change or try out new products, which are an aspect of psychology or consumer behaviour, so it is also difficult to make the customers switch to a different brand. Only when the company can make sure, as to how the preferences or the taste of the customers’ changes and how it can be changed, the objective of offering new products or services would be successful (Bamford, and West, 2010, p. XVI). The market share of GrandMet was high and the sales figures of the company were higher among the global operati ons in the industry. In the year 1991, the sales of the company were around $14.771 billion, while the asset value was $17.648 billion. There were around 13.8 million employees in the company. On the basis of the sales report of 1991, GrandMet was in the 5th position among the British companies and 78th among the large corporations in the world. Apart from this, the CEO of the company Max Joseph

Global Management - Royal Mail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Management - Royal Mail - Essay Example During its entire existence, Royal Mail has encountered numerous challenges as it tries to fit it mandate to the twenty-first century, a century where postal services are not in use as they were previously. Royal Mail, with an employee base of more than 160,000 employees was on the verge of being privatized. To do so, it tapped the talents of Moya Greene to its top leadership position of Chief Executive Officer. As a leader, Moya has had prior experience in turning around the fortunes of the Canadian Post. An amazing accomplishment by its standards. The following group assignment looks at the leadership style used by Moya Greene in ensuring success for Royal Mail; the key performance indicators set by the leadership and how Royal Mail benefits from its use; explaining the concept of motivation and how the methods the company uses in motivating its behemoth workforce. In addition, how the company uses corporate social responsibility, which it terms as important to its long-term value and how it is fundamental to the operationalization and privatisation of the company. Finally, how the company recruits its best information technology employees because of their value in protecting the Royal Mail’s proprietary software, which it values. Leadership is important to Royal Mail and how it intends to achieve all the targets to be discussed further in the assignment. Royal Mail is a postal service company operating in the United Kingdom. The company was formed in 1516 and currently exists to provide mail collection and delivery services throughout the United Kingdom. Currently, the Royal Mail is headed by a chief executive, Moya Green. She replaced the departing Adam Crozier from July of 2010 becoming the first woman and the first non-Briton to hold the post. Her duties while at the helm include the privatisation of the Britain’s postal service, the Royal Mail. On her appointment to the helm of the company, Donald Brydon, the

Qualitative Research Methodology Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Qualitative Methodology - Research Paper Example While computer technology offers a plethora of benefits in its application to police administration, I assume that it would be met with resistance from management, employees, personnel, and other parties involved. The police administration has been using their old routines and systems for the past decades; abandoning those old routines in exchange of new technologies may pose difficulty for some people. It would take a lot of effort for the people involved to unlearn what they have been doing for the longest time, and then learn and adopt a new system that would eventually replace the old system. Those difficulties, challenges, and resistances must be properly addressed in order for the new system to survive and become successful. Finally, the behavior and attitude of people toward computer technology is mediated by the meanings and experiences they have with it. People possess both positive and negative opinions about using computers in police administration. In addition, the role o f computer technology in their lives is determined by their age, gender, class, and an entire system of values and beliefs. These values and beliefs, when uncovered, would yield a better understanding of their perspective and lead to the development of an E-Administration that is specifically tailored to suit their needs. Considering the abovementioned assumptions, a methodology that would allow me to gain a deep understanding of the subjects being studied is necessary. A methodology that would reveal the insights, beliefs, and experiences of the people would work best for my study. Among all the qualitative research methodologies available, ethnography is what I consider the most proper methodology that would yield the necessary data for my study. 2. Ethnography In a nut shell, ethnography tells the beliefs, values, and attitudes of a certain group of people or culture about something. Primarily applied in anthropology and sociology, the application of ethnography has been extended in the areas of market research, business, and practically any group of people or culture where an understanding of their beliefs, experiences, and attitudes is needed. Using ethnography would uncover the perception and opinion of the RAK Police about using computer technology in their administration. It would also reveal the meanings they hold about technology, which, in turn, influences their attitude towards computers. This would allow me to identify the probable reasons they have in avoiding or accepting the new system. Ethnography would allow me to see patterns of behavior that can be understood rationally and intuitively in a real world context. Their behavior towards the old system would expose the underlying problems and limitations. Understanding the problems of the old system is useful in designing the structure of the new system. Their behavior towards the new system, on the other hand, would serve as a measure of their readiness to accept E-Administration. Ethnography, in addition, would reveal the prevailing norms that shape the perception of the police administration about computer technology. Norms refer to the beliefs and values that a society hold about something. With ethnography, the challenges and resistances which are rooted in the

Planning and Enabling Learning Essay Example for Free

Planning and Enabling Learning Essay This rationale focuses on the four areas of ‘Negotiating with Learners’, ‘Inclusive Learning’, ‘Integrating Functional Skills’ and ‘Communication’. During my research I will draw upon a range of sources which include the internet, books, organisation media (leaflets) and lessons learned. Teaching processes should be cooperative between the student and tutor. To this end tutors should plan strategies like initial assessments, agreeing on learning goals and possible actions to be taken by in order to empower learners to achieve these goals. Petty, G (2009, p530) states: â€Å"Each learner is unique and has individual needs. If the needs of our learners are discovered, the chances of success are greatly increased.† thus as a starting point initial assessments should be carried out prior to commencing a programme of education. Different learners have different learning needs and tutors must know their learners well to judge these requirements. This could be undertaken via a range of questions during the enrolment process, forms or/and questionnaires. Information obtained should be kept confidential so learners feel free to disclose as much information about themselves and their learning needs as possible. Agreeing goals and actions should be accomplished between learners and tutors. The effect being the learner will also feel that his/her views and opinions are being heard and taken into consideration. The advantages to the tutor being that the learner understands their responsibility to advance their own education and tasks/objectives/deadlines required to do so. The tutor should monitor the process to make sure learners reach their learning targets along the way and amend goals by agreement setting new actions when objectives are not reached.

Dietary Requirements: Nutritional Restrictions

Dietary Requirements: Nutritional Restrictions Clear and effective communication between partners is central to working with children and young people, it allows partners to put the needs and requirements of the children first enabling them to achieve the best possible outcomes for the children and their family. Good communication between partners allows trust to be built between everyone and enables everybody concerned to share their views and have them considered and valued. Having clear and effective communication between partners helps with the collection and sharing of relevant information between all parties involved regarding the child, which may also contain sensitive information. Clear and effective communication also ensures that everyone is working towards the same aims helping to prevent any misunderstandings between partners, with one of the aims being working together to meet the emotional, health and educational needs of the children. It will also help with the process of collecting and maintaining information/reco rds about the children providing an understanding of the childrens needs and requirements which then allows partners to provide the correct activities for individual children and maintain a safe learning environment for the children and young people. Regarding the importance of effective communication between parents/carers, clear and effective communication encourages the parent, carer or legal guardian to seek advice when needed and to use services provided which is the key to establishing and maintaining working relationships. Clear lines of communication also allow the parent/carer to discuss issues more freely and resolve problems with ease between partners if they feel there is foundation of trust built and good communication. The policies and procedures in the work setting for information sharing are as follows, Information regarding the children must remain confidential Information must be stored/recorded as stated (Data Protection Act 1998) Confidentiality Respecting Confidentiality Establishments storing records on a PC must be registered on the Data Protection Register The Data Protection Act 1998 gives individuals the rights to view all information stored regarding themselves. Staff must be familiar and conform to the guidelines Confidential matters should not be discussed with colleagues unless necessary Information regarding the children, establishment and staff should not be shared with third parties unless it regards to safeguarding Confidential information must be handled with care stored securely Never leave sensitive paperwork/files unattended or where individuals who do not need to know will have access to them All records must be stored safely and password protected ensuring restricted access only Confidentiality within a setting is vital; breach of confidentiality is only acceptable when it is on a need-to-know basis. For example particular personal information may have to be shared with members of staff that specialize and deal with a childs health, welfare or well being. Working within this type of environment means particular information has to be gathered and recorded regarding the children and stored securely, this information includes: Names Addresses Contact Numbers Medical History Records Dietary Requirements/Nutritional Restrictions Family Changes Progress Reports Childs GP Dentist Details Emergency Contact Details Special Educational Needs SEN Sharing any of the above information is in fact a breach of confidentiality and should only be shared on a need-to-know basis, breaching confidentiality can cause great upset for a lot of individuals, loose trust and cause damage to working relationships. Breaching confidentiality within a childcare setting should only be done so in extreme circumstances, for example bullying, suspected child abuse and a medical emergency concerning the child. Within a childcare setting there is a responsibility to ensure that all information/records are correct, kept up to date and confidential, following the settings policies and guidelines and passed onto relevant staff members only. Information and details provided by the parents/carers is given in trust and concerns the child and their family. This information should only be shared between individuals who are directly involved with the child, for example a named carer or member of staff who works directly with the child. As a practitioner you may find yourself in a position where you want or need to share information but have been asked not to disclose any information. It may even be due to a matter of safeguarding a child within your care who you feel is at risk, putting you in a difficult position where you must break the confidence discussing it with your line manager. When you are in the position of having to share information and maintain confidentiality, conflicts or dilemmas may surface. For example you may find yourself being given confidential information by a parent who has trusted and confided in you as a practitioner discussing with you personal family issues, providing you with information regarding her husband leaving her and filing for divorce resulting in her feeling that she cannot manage and is also struggling to manage but requests that no one else is to be told this information. But as a practitioner being given this type of information gives an automatic concern for the child or young persons welfare. This then may result in causing conflict or dilemma because you were placed in a position of trust and confidentiality by the parent who confided in you and specifically asked you not to tell anyone else but you are also in a position where you must consider the welfare of the child or young person and speak to your line manager, the manager has to know this information in order to care for the child effectively bearing in mind the Children Act 1989 The w elfare of the child is paramount. But it is important that the parent(s) is informed that you are going to tell your line manager this information. Conflicts or dilemmas may also arise if a concern has been made about a child by for example a practitioner, key worker or manager directly to the childs parents. The parents may in fact feel there is no reason for concern or that there is nothing wrong and therefore request that there is no further action to be taken or required and that no confidential information is to be shared with any other outside agencies. Putting the person with concern in a difficult position as this concern regards the welfare of the child or young person involved. You may also find conflicts or dilemmas arising in relation to sharing information with partners and maintaining confidentiality in situations such as having concerns regarding a childs welfare because for example you have observed frequent bruising and the child is now refusing to get changed for P.E and appears nervous and jumpy. You want to share this information but it would be inappropriate to ask permission from the childs parents as this could possibly put the child at further risk of harm. Finding yourself in a very difficult position where you want to share information with a senior member of staff e.g. Line Manager or possibly with outside agencies. It is important to record information clearly, accurately, legibly and concisely, meeting legal requirements to ensure any decisions or actions that have been put into place for a child or young person are not forgotten or lost and to ensure that written records are not misspelt, are containing incomplete sentences and long confusing paragraphs making it more time consuming for an individual to find the information they are want. This also allows everyone involved regarding a child or young person to receive the most accurate and up to date information and records when required and will enable individuals to refer back to the information for future reference and for the monitoring of children and young peoples behaviour patterns, giving an insight on whether the childs behaviour has improved or gotten worse over time. It will also prevent any misunderstandings with any future reference at a later date and prevent any complications reading back on the written records. It is also impor tant because all written records need to be up to date, dated and signed to meet the legal requirements of the Data Protection Act 1998. All settings handling personal and sensitive information/records have a number of legal obligations to protect this information under the Data Protection Act 1998. Information must also be recorded clearly, accurately, legibly and concisely, meeting legal requirements for self protection reasons to ensure that there is documented evidence in the case of something happening, which will abide by the procedures and policies put in place within your setting. Communications and records are recorded and securely stored meeting data protection requirements by carefully carrying out the following: All written records must be stored carefully All records must be adequate, sufficient and relevant Paper records should be kept stored in a locked filing cabinet Electronic records must be (password protected) Invoices, bills and money details are to be stored in locked files (password protected) on the computer. Personal details about each child are to be kept within locked files and password protected documents on the computer. All records must be maintained, kept up to date and accurate Records and recording must comply with the Data Protection Act 1998 Personal information must be kept securely only used for the purposes it was originally stated for. Records must be kept safe and secure away from any unauthorized access. Within the setting the following actions are taken to record and store information securely meeting data protection requirements Invoices, bills, money details Are stored in locked files (password protected) on the computer which are only accessible to the manager. Outside agencies If there has been a meeting of any kind with an outside agency regarding a child or young person within the setting a detailed and clear report must be typed up and a copy of the report distributed to only the relevant concerning parties involved with the child or young person. Personal details about each child Each child within the setting has their own individual file containing personal and sensitive information from things such as letters to parents/carers to special dietary requirements. These files are securely locked away within a filing cabinet where they must be kept and used only for the purposes originally stated. They are not to be shared with anyone other than the parents unless they have given permission to do so. Child protection records When making a child protection record an appropriate form is to be completed recording the concerns. The written record should consist of relevant details and accurate information. These sensitive records are then locked away and strictly controlled where only limited staff can have access, they are not to be kept on file for any longer than a 6 year period. Child development records Child development records are made by observing a child or young person on a daily basis and filling out an observation form and keeping a daily diary sometimes including photographs. These records are only shared with the childs family and contain sensitive confidential information which is then kept stored individually and securely. All young children within a setting have their development monitored and recorded on day-to-day basis but if a member of staff believes there is reason for concern or a parent/carer shares concerns regarding their childs development a meeting will be arranged where the concerns can be shared, the childs development record reviewed and where information can be gathered on the childs home life. If the conclusion is that the child in fact requires additional help and support with their development then the manager within the setting will complete the appropriate forms, which will then be sent to the corresponding agency(s) that will make contact with the parents/carers. For example a child who has been assessed as having a speech impediment would be referred to a speech and language team/therapist that will then assess the child and establish a programme that would then be put in place for them which would then be implemented by the teachers and TAs within a school setting. They may als o arrange one to one sessions for the child with the consent of the parents/carers and will assess the child to help recognize the cause of the speech problem or delay. Referrals are made to ensure that a child or young person is receiving the best possible outcome and start in life. Referrals are usually made by practitioners who observe and make recordings of the childs development and may pick up on any additional support needed, problems or difficulties the child may be experiencing. It is important to indentify a child or young persons needs as early as possible to ensure that the childs needs are assessed quickly and that they are referred to the appropriate setting or agency. Referrals are made for many different reasons such as concerns regarding a childs safety and welfare or well being etc. When a referral is required for a child who is in need it should ideally be accompanied by the consent of the childs parents/carers. If a child or young person is suffering significant harm or abuse then social services will be involved in their case, in some cases depending on the severity of the harm the police may be involved. Other children may suffer from different problems such as emotional and/or learning difficulties. For example a child who has been assessed as having separation anxiety and sensory issues may be referred to CAMHS where they will under go different investigations and have an occupational therapy assessment and may be seen by a child psychologist. Or a child may be displaying signs of behaviour problems and thought to be displaying signs and symptoms of ADHD such as inattention during class time. And therefore may be referred for an ADHD asse ssment after under going a CAF assessment. They may then be referred to a hospital and consultant where further testing may take place to find out the outcome. When a child is thought to be in need of additional help or support then a common framework is put into place known as CAF, CAF firstly provides a checklist to ensure that the childs needs are being met and are up to the standard requirements. If the childs needs meet the CAF standards required according to the checklist then a meeting would be held where the childs needs would be accessed and possible support would be discussed within the group, giving the practitioner the opportunity to share their assessments, plans and recommendations for support. It is important to provide a precise, accurate and factual view on the childs specific needs and requirements including both their strengths and weaknesses. A decision should then be made after the meeting on whether further support is required and a CAF may only then be completed once you have made an agreement with your manager and the childs parents/carers on whether the child requires additional help and support which is not provide d within the setting. During the CAF procedure the agreement will contain permission to share the findings of the CAF assessment with other agencies as sometimes outside agencies may need to be brought into the equation for the benefit of the child and their needs. You must have the parents permission for the competition of the CAF process when it is concerning a child and they should be kept well informed but a young person is required to give permission themselves. On competition of the assessment a plan must be built addressing the childs needs, this should consist of short and achievable goals for the child and should include how these targets can be achieved. Plans must be reviewed and updated on a regular occurrence and referrals must involve the parents/carers and a senior member of staff.

Polonius is a Good Father in Hamlet :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with the statement that Polonius, adviser in the court of King Claudius of Denmark, is a good father who desires what is best for his children. Although he may be a fussy and overcautious old man, Polonius constantly gives good advice and his best wishes to both his children, Laertes and Ophelia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before Laertes is about to go to France, Polonius talks to him and tells him all of his good advice. While Polonius tells Laertes all of his good advice, he says, â€Å"My blessing with thee'; (I.iii.61). This statement shows that Polonius really wants Laertes to be successful when he goes to France. Polonius says, â€Å"Beware of entrance to a quarrel';, (I.iii.69) because he wants him to be safe. Polonius wants Laertes to stay out of trouble, and to be friendly with everyone he meets. Another point Polonius wants to make is that it is better to listen than to talk. â€Å"Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice'; (I.iii.72). Polonius believes that it is better to listen too much than to talk too much, because sometimes people who talk too much get into trouble, and others don’t like them. Whereas, people who listen more than they talk rarely have others who don’t like them and they don’t get into much trouble. Another way Polonius tells Laertes to stay out of trouble is when he says, â€Å"Neither a borrower nor a lender be'; (I.iii.80). This is important because sometimes when things are borrowed, the lender will get mad that the borrower didn’t return when it was needed or the borrower ruined part of it. Even when it is an accident, it is still better to not borrow or lend anything from anyone just in case one person has a short temper. Polonius lastly and most importantly tells Laertes, â€Å"This above all to thine own self be true';. This is good advice because if people are not true to themselves, then they can’t really be true to anyone else. Polonius believes that Laertes should have enough self-respect to be true to himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The way that Polonius acts as a good father towards Ophelia is mostly how he doesn’t want her to get hurt by Hamlet. Ophelia tells Polonius all about what Hamlet has said and given her. She tells her father that Hamlet gives her presents and tells her nice things out of affection. Polonius is a Good Father in Hamlet :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with the statement that Polonius, adviser in the court of King Claudius of Denmark, is a good father who desires what is best for his children. Although he may be a fussy and overcautious old man, Polonius constantly gives good advice and his best wishes to both his children, Laertes and Ophelia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before Laertes is about to go to France, Polonius talks to him and tells him all of his good advice. While Polonius tells Laertes all of his good advice, he says, â€Å"My blessing with thee'; (I.iii.61). This statement shows that Polonius really wants Laertes to be successful when he goes to France. Polonius says, â€Å"Beware of entrance to a quarrel';, (I.iii.69) because he wants him to be safe. Polonius wants Laertes to stay out of trouble, and to be friendly with everyone he meets. Another point Polonius wants to make is that it is better to listen than to talk. â€Å"Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice'; (I.iii.72). Polonius believes that it is better to listen too much than to talk too much, because sometimes people who talk too much get into trouble, and others don’t like them. Whereas, people who listen more than they talk rarely have others who don’t like them and they don’t get into much trouble. Another way Polonius tells Laertes to stay out of trouble is when he says, â€Å"Neither a borrower nor a lender be'; (I.iii.80). This is important because sometimes when things are borrowed, the lender will get mad that the borrower didn’t return when it was needed or the borrower ruined part of it. Even when it is an accident, it is still better to not borrow or lend anything from anyone just in case one person has a short temper. Polonius lastly and most importantly tells Laertes, â€Å"This above all to thine own self be true';. This is good advice because if people are not true to themselves, then they can’t really be true to anyone else. Polonius believes that Laertes should have enough self-respect to be true to himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The way that Polonius acts as a good father towards Ophelia is mostly how he doesn’t want her to get hurt by Hamlet. Ophelia tells Polonius all about what Hamlet has said and given her. She tells her father that Hamlet gives her presents and tells her nice things out of affection.

Chile :: essays research papers

Chile In this project we are going to summarize the main points concerning the history of CHILE , its independance, and bring the country to present day CHILE. We are also going to mention some important facts about CHILE"S economy. I. COLONIZATION PERIOD CHILE is a country located in the wester coast of South America, on the Pacific Ocean. It is known for the famous Andes Mountain Range that covers all of Peru and part of Chile CHILE was first discovered in 1520 by a Portuguese navigator named Ferdinand Magellan, who sailed under the flag of Spain. It was not until 1536 that CHILE was explored by a Spaniard named Diego de Almagro. Almagro was an associate of Francisco Pizarro in the conquest of Peru. In 1540 a conquistador named Pedro de Valdivia made a second expedition into CHILE He arrived in CHILE in 1541 and claimed the land under the crown of Spain. He founded the city of Santiago in February of that year, and appointed a Cabildo (Council) of Conquistadores to control local affairs. II. COLONIAL RULE In December of 1553, Valdivia set out for the fort of Concepcion to avenge the death of three soldiers, after word had reached him that the Indians had murdered them. He did not know the Indians had an ambush prepared for him. Valdivia was captured and executed, his entire army was also killed. The Spaniards eventually dominated CHILE During this period CHILE was a Captaincy General of Spain and supposedly governed from Peru, where Spain had a more important government because Peru was rich in Inca gold. In reality, because CHILE was farther away geographically, local affairs were controlled by a governor who commanded the army and each town had its own Cabildo (Council). CHILE had plenty of wars. The Indians refused to stay quiet. Until the mid 1700"s, these wars against the Indians were payed for by Peru, which provided money to CHILE to maintain CHILE"S government in Santiago and an army on the frontier. CHILE was poor and dependent on its richer neighbor for wealth and security. III. INDEPENDENCE One of the most important reasons for CHILE"S independence as well as other Latin American countries, was the emergence of a class of CRIOLLOS (Creoles). Creoles were American born Spaniards, who were different from the Iberians. They developed a desire for a self-government. The Criollos, then, began and supported a movement in order to gain independence from Spain. The Criollos had a lot of influence in the merchant class as well as in the upper class of CHILE. They resented Spain's trading system. For tax reasons, all trade with Spain had

Raisin in the Sun Essay -- Literary Analysis, Lorraine Hansberry

Lorraine Hansberry in her play, â€Å"Raisin in the Sun†, attempted to explain the feelings of the average African American Male in the 1940s. This persona, which is portrayed in the character Walter, had experienced a severe feeling of depression and hopelessness. In order to understand this source of grievance, one must relate back to the Great Migration and the dreams it promised and the reasons why many African Americans sought to move to the North. A desire to achieve freedom from racial injustices and poverty was the prime factor that encouraged Blacks to abandon the south. However, these dreams where soon crushed as African American noticed that Northern whites had still maintained unequal segregation and where as stumbling block to Black advancement. The consequences of a â€Å"dream deferred†, as Langston Hughes called it, was dependency on others, alcohol addiction, as well as dysfunctional families. The Great Migration, which lasted from 1910 to 1930, was the first mass movement of African Americans from the South to the North. There was one main factor that led to new job opportunities which attracted many African Americans to industrialized cites in the North. The occurrence of World War I in Europe had increased U.S. factories and factory productions as European nations, involved in the war, depended on the United States to replenish their supplies. Likewise, the war decreased laborers in the United States as it abridged the migration of many European immigrants to the U.S. as well as toke many citizens as soldiers which caused a massive vacancy in the work field. Philip Bonner, from the University of the Witwatersrand, explained this phenomena as he said, â€Å"It was only the outbreak of the first World War cutting off the flo... ...hol abuse worked as a catalyst to further ruin African Americans and destroyed their families. A black mark in America History was the persecution and discrimination of African Americans. The dreams of freedom from racial discrimination and hopes of attaining promising job opportunities were futile and the Great Migration was just the relocation of Blacks to further segregation and racial injustices. Limitations of good paying jobs as well as excessive rent prices compelled most African Americans to abandon all hope of raising their financial and social status. Walter Younger was a true depiction of a defeated Black man who unsatisfied with his life sought redemption through consuming alcohol. Depression and lack of hope were the two ingredients that led to the failure of African American marriages and the conversion of optimistic men into vagabonds. Raisin in the Sun Essay -- Literary Analysis, Lorraine Hansberry Lorraine Hansberry in her play, â€Å"Raisin in the Sun†, attempted to explain the feelings of the average African American Male in the 1940s. This persona, which is portrayed in the character Walter, had experienced a severe feeling of depression and hopelessness. In order to understand this source of grievance, one must relate back to the Great Migration and the dreams it promised and the reasons why many African Americans sought to move to the North. A desire to achieve freedom from racial injustices and poverty was the prime factor that encouraged Blacks to abandon the south. However, these dreams where soon crushed as African American noticed that Northern whites had still maintained unequal segregation and where as stumbling block to Black advancement. The consequences of a â€Å"dream deferred†, as Langston Hughes called it, was dependency on others, alcohol addiction, as well as dysfunctional families. The Great Migration, which lasted from 1910 to 1930, was the first mass movement of African Americans from the South to the North. There was one main factor that led to new job opportunities which attracted many African Americans to industrialized cites in the North. The occurrence of World War I in Europe had increased U.S. factories and factory productions as European nations, involved in the war, depended on the United States to replenish their supplies. Likewise, the war decreased laborers in the United States as it abridged the migration of many European immigrants to the U.S. as well as toke many citizens as soldiers which caused a massive vacancy in the work field. Philip Bonner, from the University of the Witwatersrand, explained this phenomena as he said, â€Å"It was only the outbreak of the first World War cutting off the flo... ...hol abuse worked as a catalyst to further ruin African Americans and destroyed their families. A black mark in America History was the persecution and discrimination of African Americans. The dreams of freedom from racial discrimination and hopes of attaining promising job opportunities were futile and the Great Migration was just the relocation of Blacks to further segregation and racial injustices. Limitations of good paying jobs as well as excessive rent prices compelled most African Americans to abandon all hope of raising their financial and social status. Walter Younger was a true depiction of a defeated Black man who unsatisfied with his life sought redemption through consuming alcohol. Depression and lack of hope were the two ingredients that led to the failure of African American marriages and the conversion of optimistic men into vagabonds.

I Will Survive Essay

Since I was young I was told not to ever judge a book by its cover, up until a few weeks ago I believed this was complete bull but a series of uncanny events insisted on changing my mind. This chain of unforeseeable circumstanced began a few weeks ago where . . . The sounds of keyboards was almost deafening, the constant click blurred into a humming drone which one could debatably compare to the fog horn of a light house warning helpless ships away from there watery grave. I stare a little dazed but unfazed by the bright light of the computer screen, flashing uncountable numbers and words which I’m supposes to make some kind of sense of if I am to continue with this curse most people call being an accountant. I feel some what contained in this shit tip excuse of a cubical, but to be honest the only thing caging me is the confines of my on reality. Closing my eyes I open them to this dark fantasy of a world plagued with zombies which are swiftly breaking down and tearing apart the countries of the world. But then a unexpected hero named Lorry strives to find a cure and against all odds saves the human race from absolute extinction. â€Å"Lawrence order these files and crunch these number by the end of the day or your fired! † Just so where clear my names Lawrence but my friends call my Lorry, okay no one calls me Lorry, I don’t have any friends, or family for that matter. I live alone in this crumby apartment building in room 147. To be fair I get it on good rent but I think that because someone got murdered here. I try to be optimistic about it an say its just a rumour but between you and me the smell of death still lingers. You could say I’m just your usual nerdy 19 year old boy who loves his movies and video games and especially zombies. I mean zombies and I go together like peanut butter and jelly like a hero and his side kick, I love zombies. I often wish for a world in strife due to an out break of zombies where I save the world and get the girl, okay I may have prayed to god once or twice for that. It’s a little funny when you wish for something and at the time it sounds like such a good idea. Lawrence order these files and crunch these number by the end of the day or your fired! † said the floor manager with a high pitch squeal piercing the flow of my train of thought. â€Å"Righteo will do† I said back with a smile as fake as fairy tales. I began to digress as soon as the managers eyes were off my back, surfing websites until something very captivating caught my eye. A breaking news bulletin streaming live showed footage which looked like the street in front of the building, I mean facade looks identical but that wasn’t the most alarming part. Apparently they were reporting an incident about a man who tackled another individual to the ground and started to devour another man living body and I quote â€Å"tearing flesh from bone with nothing but his teeth. † That’s when my semi attractive but still way out of my league co-worker Jazz leaned over, â€Å"ahhh your always looking at zombies you freak. † All though Jazz was a complete mess and frankly a female dog I had an odd some what mercurial attraction to her. I mean I’m not one of those superficial shallow guys . . . Okay I’m tend to take what I can get. As these thoughts raced through my mind at million miles an hour suddenly it hit me â€Å"Zombies! The people on the news their zombies† I nervously said as my voice broke multiple times. â€Å"what? I was joking† Jazz naively replied. â€Å"Are you even watching what I am watching? We have to get out of here! † It was at that moment the sound of shattering glass filled the room followed quickly by melody of foot steps thunderously increasing in speed and sound, mirroring my heart almost beating out of my chest. I watched as this man who looked drunk, uncontrollably sprint towards Jazz, teeth gnashing finger nails gashing at thin air. I could see the blood lust in his eyes. Now it was like time stood still, screams seemed to become silent but my other sense seemed to heighten. I noticed a foul stench so thick in the air you could cut it with a butter knife. Through the chaos and the haze, something deep down with in began to stir. A hero was being born. With out hesitation or mare thought I pulled the pen from my shirt pocket bounded over the desk. I held my pen like a blade an with all my strength I trusted pen into the temple of the crazed man right before Jazz’s eyes.

Cda Autobiography Essay

My name is _______. I was born in Miami, Florida on September __, 1994. I was born into a large family with 5 older sisters and 2 younger as well. A few years ago I was graced with a niece, named __________; she has become the joy of my life. Most of my time, aside from working and school, is spent with her. Both of my parents were born _______, whereas my sisters and I were all born here in Miami. There’s a great dissimilarity in the way that things are done in______ and the way things are done here. The differences have brought a love and interest in all the diverse cultures of the world. As a child I always loved my teachers. They always found a way to make learning fun and exciting. I knew I wanted to work with kids when I got older and help them find learning just as fun and exciting as I did. Everyday I’d come home from school and teach what I’ve learned to my younger siblings using the same methods my teachers used. They began finding learning just as enjoyable as I’d hoped. From then on I was inspired to be part of the life changing team of childcare workers and instill the thoughts that learning is fun in young children today. I have lots of goals for a future in ECE. A projection of my short-term goals in ECE includes becoming a Child Development Associate. I feel that it would be an honor to be an educator to young children and introduce some of the behaviors that they will carry with them their entire life long. Some of my long-term goals include owning my own childcare center or becoming a pediatrician.

Poem Interpretation

The poems of Robert Frost reflect a journey, his own personal journey. But more than that, it describes a period of American exploration. â€Å"Desert Places, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and The Road Not Taken† reveals the poet’s thoughts about the occurrence of changes during his time. It is a revolutionary period for the United States. The Industrial Development is underway, and it fuels a new age in American History. A country is on its way towards progress, and so is Robert Frost’s claim in the literary circle. IN A CAPSULE There is an emotional attachment found in the poem, â€Å"Desert Places.† It may describe a situation out in the cold but inner feelings become a far-reaching instrument on what the poet thinks about things. The portrayal of loneliness is best described in a deserted place on a dark and snowy evening. Treading the road alone brings a heavy feeling. No one is on sight but there is much to overcome. The inner will is far diff icult to tame than the elements along the way. Mr. Frost points out that the actions to deal with certain situations are up to the individual. While there are external factors and influences to consider, what keeps the event in check remains a personal decision.The poet exemplifies a brave stand to never succumb to outside inhibitions while at the same time controlling his inner fear. In â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,† Robert Frost brings his loneliness into the scene. He is deep in the woods but the snow is still there. His horse is there to keep him company. The place is dark alright, maybe darker than what is seen in the â€Å"Desert Places,† but fear to move onwards has been controlled. â€Å"Lovely woods† is a great description for keeping things in control. But what makes the poem different is that, it is about pursuing dreams and keeping promises.The individual doesn’t stop for anything. His travel continues. His appreciation for what he sees in the woods may have been inspired by the dreams and promises. With those things in mind, he just keeps going and going if only to bring some truth to what he needs to achieve. â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is a piece about choosing sides. It is about options. The poet may have been crossing different paths during his time that he shares his views on what road to take. Robert Frost may have recalled a fateful decision that he made in the past which had a profound impact on his later life.One important note that the poem emphasizes is staying true to something that has already been decided. There are no explanations to consider. Only a statement rings true that taking a side has brought a positive outcome. The poem goes straight to the context of hitting the mark. There are no complaints and no explanations are necessary to back up the road earlier chosen. EVOKING IMAGES A shadow of doubt is cast initially among the three poems. It reveals how human Mr. Frost is to harbor hesitant and uncertain feelings. He goes on to describe the difficulties of finding dreams and making things happen.The literary pieces evokes feelings of being lost in the storm and managing to locate the right track and come out of it all, not necessarily unscathed, but nevertheless victorious. Perhaps people can sympathize what all three poems depict. There is a sense of urgency to do things. A variety of feelings will lead an individual to the unpredictable and the unspeakable. But it is the inner conviction that wins it in the end. A determination withstanding the faces of hardship and difficulty as portrayed by the falling snow and the dark nights will be the vital factor to turning things around.Emotions frequent the poems of Robert Frost. Individuals share in the experience of braving the odds and gaining victory against adversity. People’s inner selves vary but all feel the same way. It is how a person responds to the challenges and the tides of the times that make his life worthy. The poems are timeless, and can be a source of inspiration for generations to come. But it is up to the reading public how they interpret Mr. Frost’s words. Literary masterpieces such as the three poems have a whole lot of meaning to consider. It is as deep as many other pieces can be. It is what makes people human.And it is what keeps the poet man as well. The words itself can bring forth fire and fury. Everyone is on familiar ground. Mr. Frost fuels that desire to conquer and achieve things beyond people’s dreams. This is what binds individuals together. Goals are shared. It is inspiring to address the powerful and brilliant message that the poet instills in the minds of the willing literary enthusiasts. Fear is still felt by the individual. Mr. Frost points that out in the â€Å"Desert Places. † The line which states that â€Å"They cannot scare me with their empty spaces,† evokes a sentiment of being afraid.It is a common feeling. But the biggest difference among readers and followers is how to manage or react to that type of situation. Even the horse in the â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† wondered about the individual’s doubtful and untrusting attitude towards adversity. Numerous challenges are everywhere. It can be devastating all of a sudden but making dreams come true can be worthwhile. REPRESENTING THE WORLD Most masterpieces inspire people. A poet reveals his thoughts and feelings to many for the purpose of helping others cope up with situations. It is more than poetry.There is nothing more frightful than being stalked out of one’s goals. It all begins with the road. Hardships come and unveil the true character of the individual. Robert Frost seems to be putting the words into his mouth. It can be that his poems are all a reflection of his actions but it can also be that he is putting on a challenge for the rest of the people to follow. He is merely showing the way, showing his emotions to be used as the basis for everybody to look into and get motivated. It is Mr. Frost who gets to speak in his poems but in reality, he is representing each and everyone.People share common dreams. People feel the same fear. The same difficulties lie ahead. The same situations present itself in everyday life. The only denominator is the approach an individual makes while undergoing the various scenes that the poet has depicted for the rest of the people. His marvelous words are written for everybody. If there is a thing in this world that needs changing, it is solely the character of man. People have to be reminded every now and then about certain ideas and information which regards to daily living. Almost always, life is being taken for granted.Robert Frost’s words are just in time to voice essential lessons repeatedly into the minds of many individuals. While his poems are written in the past, the values contained on it are as valuable today as it has been yes terday. One thing worth taking note among Mr. Frost’s poems is the way his masterpieces are told doesn’t complicate things further. It may not bring forth the light of enlightenment but at least it puts a sense of purpose to everything it says. The titles of the poems possess a degree of hiding the content a bit. â€Å"Desert Places† marks that inner fear inside most individuals.But until reading those words until the last stanza, the reader will wonder what Mr. Frost is up to in the first place. Literally, many people will think that the title may correspond to some scenery in the Middle East. But it is not. The reading public must therefore think in order for the poet’s words to sink in. â€Å"The Road Not Taken† keeps people which path the poet choose. His idea of bringing the main thought of the poem is to reverse things a little to allow thinking. There is a twist but never to a level of great difficulty. Mr.Frost has taken the less traveled r oad which leaves many wondering what happened to the other path. In â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,† the poet again is diverting the attention from the true focus of the lines. Perhaps many are waiting for his story about the reason why he stopped during a snowy situation. But the answer to that may have led the readers to Mr. Frost’s effort to keep going in order to make his promise a reality. Poems may be a mind-twister. But it allows individuals to look deeper. There are details that lead some lines astray.However, it is meant to be as it is just to make the poem a remarkable journey and adventure. SYMBOLISM The three poems are written as narratives. Perhaps based as personal experiences of the poet, a story from each is learned. But always, Robert Frost is hiding something in between the lines. It is not necessarily on purpose, however, there is a need for the reader to uncover some contents of the poem which allows a greater understanding of the piece in its entirety. There are thoughts in between the lines which can be interpreted as mere distractions.The truth is, the ideas are supporting the content of the main thought. There is a real meaning behind most words in the poems of Mr. Frost. Loneliness must never be taken as it is, literally, that is. It can be an emotion of someone craving for attention. It can be a personal journey. It can even be finding oneself in the process. There is whole lot of meaning to the words in between the lines. The familiarity of the poems can be attributed not merely that all are written by the same poet. Robert Frost presents an approach which an individual can relate to in real life.By being in the middle of a snowy night, anybody can put himself on that situation. By being along and driven cold, most individuals press on to achieve their goals. The poems of Mr. Frost are founded on simple yet understandable narrative which presents a scene for readers to follow. It can be that the readers are themselves the heroes in their very own situations. Overcoming difficult situations are present in the â€Å"Desert Places† where the poet not minding the danger presented by the snowy night in the woods continues on with his trip to somewhere.A similar scene is depicted in the â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† where the individual plunges on no matter what. â€Å"The Road Not Taken† tackles two paths along the way. Still the difficulty of choosing and going ahead with the decision is clearly seen and observed. Robert Frost’s poems uncover scenes of overcoming adversity. It is a symbol of what America stands for, a country on its way to prosperity and development. For always, the room for improvement is being acknowledged in this country. America is a work in progress.The Industrial Revolution during the 18th and 19th Century propels the United States to its seat as a world leader and superpower. With a mixture of different cultures, it continue s to thrive amidst the pressures coming from numerous differences among the races within its domain. America is constantly innovating and developing. Robert Frost portrays the need to pursue dreams and turn them into reality. When a person comes to America, his ideals become a symbol of what the poet says. Everybody who goes to the United States is looking for something bigger. That someone is making the best of everything to live a comfortable life.Along the journey towards progress await the hardships and difficulties of making it big. During the Industrial Revolution, people rush out and risk doing things to reach the American dream. It is the age of inventions. Industries are revolutionized, and lives will never be the same again. That progress continues until today. And it continues to inspire through the words of Robert Frost. In search for a better life, immigrants are knocking on the American doors annually. While new to this country, visiting citizens blend well with their counterparts in doing things no matter how hard they are.To achieve dreams, taking risks mean everything. Mr. Frost points to hard work as the vital factor in pursuing goals and objectives. Roles and responsibilities must play its part to build dreams a reality. The poet is on hand to guide the rest of America into staking their claim for a place in the United States of America. CONCLUSION The deep woods and the falling snowy are very much a part of American culture. Simply said, the way these things are describe in the three poems reflects Robert Frost’s upbringing. He walks through the woods on a snowy night just like any American.How heavy and hard it is to trek the roads ahead make no difference at all as long as the individual marches on in search for his place in a progressive world, one which America and Mr. Frost represents. BIBLIOGRAPHY Collection of Robert Frost’s Poems Retrieved September 13, 2007 from http://www. everypoet. com/Archive/poetry/Robert_Frost/r obert_frost_stopping_by_woods_on_a_snowy_evening. htm Poems of Robert Frost Retrieved September 13, 2007 from http://www. poemhunter. com/poem/desert-places/ Poems by Robert Frost Retrieved September 13, 2007 from http://www. internal. org/list_poems. phtml? authorID=7

Ba Finance

7BSM1006 Managing Financial Value Drivers Coursework Semester A 2012 Assessment weighting 60% Bellingham plc Arthur Scroggs was a farmer. His family has owned and farmed 500 acres of prime land in the Vale of Aylesbury for four generations. In the mid 1980's small farms were finding the financial climate difficult with falling farm incomes and much talk of putting farm land to â€Å"alternative use†. By 1985 Arthur had already sold his dairy herd to focus on cereal production when a fortuitous meeting with Lucy Bellingham at a business conference led him to reconsider the future of the family farm.Bellingham is a designer of bespoke fitted kitchens who had a business plan but little capital. The plan was to manufacture top quality fitted kitchen furniture and establish design studios/showrooms in high income areas. Having recently sold his dairy herd, Arthur had enough capital to fund the new business and also a number of large barns and outbuildings suitable for manufacturing the kitchen units subject to refitting and planning consent being obtained. Lucy's business plan was so convincing that Arthur decided to get out of farming altogether (by leasing his arable land to a local co-operative) and focus on developing the new business.From this small beginning grew the now publicly quoted company of Bellingham plc. Initially, showrooms were established in Beaconsfield and then Kensington. Demand for their kitchens was brisk and â€Å"Bellingham Bespoke Kitchens† expanded rapidly but remained a partnership. The firms clients are mainly celebrities from the entertainment world and the cost of a Bellingham Bespoke Kitchen is now ? 40,000 – ? 150,000 or more. The firm was restructured as a limited company in 1990 and subsequently experienced rapid growth until 1999. In that year the then directors decided that the business had reached the limit of development in it's present form.Future development required large-scale expansion of production fa cilities in order to provide the range of materials, furniture, quality and prompt delivery required by their discerning clients. This in turn needed an injection of capital that the directors were unable to generate themselves. The conviction that there was much money to be made from â€Å"quality fitted kitchens† † had been vindicated. They investigated a number of possibilities deciding eventually to expand production facilities by purchasing a modern production unit on an industrial estate in Aylesbury.The expansion was funded by a stock market floatation and raising the necessary capital in the name of Bellingham plc. As the market grew and to keep abreast of new production technology, the directors agreed to reverse the maxim so dear to the heart of the founders, Arthur and Lucy; â€Å"neither a (long-term) borrower nor lender be. † They financed updating of equipment and premises by means of issuing debentures. It is now October 2012 and the present direct ors of Bellingham plc believe that the long-term success of the company lies in future international diversification and expansion.They consider that the most beneficial action they could take is to investigate the acquisition of a subsidiary in the USA. The newly-appointed finance director, Bill Moneypenny, agrees with this opinion but insists that the company must first appraise its own current position and if necessary, make changes to strengthen its existing financial situation before embarking on new plans. He is particularly concerned that the company should preserve adequate liquidity and finance its assets in a beneficial manner.He is also concerned that too much emphasis has been placed on â€Å"pandering to the whims of the rich and famous† and not enough on running an efficient business operation. Lucy and Arthur still retain 30% of Bellingham's equity and other long-standing directors own a further 20%; a change of control is unlikely to be welcome. During the las t two years, the company has updated it's design, production and showroom assets and, in what has been a difficult year, has been able to maintain sales and profit growth (see Bellingham's accounts in appendix 1).There has been a great deal of uncertainty about world economic growth and stock markets have been extremely volatile resulting low returns. However the firm’s ordinary shares have made good progress during the year. Ordinary share dividends have achieved substantial growth over the last two years although this rate of increase is not expected to continue. Ordinary dividends have grown at an average rate of 14% per annum over the past 10 years and this rate is a more realistic growth rate for future dividends. The present market prices for Bellingham's shares and debentures are: ?1 Ordinary shares? 7. 02 ex div ?0. 50p, 6% Pref shares? . 55 ex div 7% Debentures 2016? 100. 51 ex interest Any new venture would be expected to achieve a return on capital employed in line with that experienced recently by Bellingham plc. The finance director favours a payback period of 5 years. Bellingham would therefore need to agree a realistic acquisition price for such a new venture and its future cash flows in order to determine whether these criteria could be met. Although a number of investment projects are being considered, the main proposal currently being investigated offers an expansion into the US prime-property market which is forecast to grow faster than the UK market.Bellingham's finance director has already calculated the trends in the financial ratios of American Creations, an unquoted US company, from its unaudited annual accounts (see appendix 2) and has concluded that the proposal is now worthy of further investigation. American Creations is a family-owned venture requiring further capital to repair it's balance sheet after making losses on a property development in Nevada from which it has now withdrawn. Profits have suffered in the last two yea rs due to write-offs associated with this development.The existing owners feel that the firm’s future lies in establishing wider international links and the retirement of senior family members, leaving the younger members active in the management of the firm. They are therefore considering selling a controlling interest of 60% to a suitable company. The firm has been established for 23 years, and is well respected in business circles. The average age of its fixed tangible assets is 3 years. The directors have indicated that they may accept part payment in Bellingham shares subject to negotiation. The firm’s nominal share capital is $2. m, and the directors have indicated that they value the firm at five times the year 2010 net profit. They consider this to be the firm's â€Å"normal† level of profit excluding the â€Å"extraordinary† effects of the Nevada development. As the firm is at present family owned and run, there is no available price/earnings rat io. P/E ratios for the only two publicly-owned companies in the same business sector, Harvey Wilkinson Designs plc and Cucci Lifestyle plc, are currently 10 and 8 times respectively although both of these firms, unlike Bellingham, operate internationally. Wilkinson has grown at a similar rate to Bellingham.The dividend yields of these companies have been as follows: WilkinsonCucci Year to 31 December 2011 8. 1% 7. 25% 2010 7. 2% 6. 9% 2009 5. 3% 5. 95% American Creations has its own manufacturing facilities and operates throughout the USA and Caribbean with design offices in New York, Miami, Los Angeles and Colorado Springs. Their main business, which is thriving, involves complete home furnishing and interior design for wealthy clients. In addition, the firm has a real estate office in each location and is thus able to offer a complete property service.The value of properties handled by the real estate offices is typically $5m – $20m. Bellingham is interested not only in ext ending its operations internationally but particularly in the possibility of diversifying into the real estate business. Whilst well aware of the existence of a number of competitors, the directors feel that there is a ready market in the US for their established name in terms of design flair, service and products. After discussions with the directors of American Creations, Bill Moneypenny has produced the following forecast.Under average economic growth conditions, the American Creations operating forecasts (in $*1000) for the next five years are based on the following: Income:from Sales: $7500 in 2013, rising by 12% per annum for the foreseeable future. from real estate sales commissions: $2850 in 2013 increasing by 15% per annum for the foreseeable future. Manufacturing variable costs: Labour: $1250 in 2013, expected to increasing by 8% per annum. Materials: $3800 in 2013, expected to increasing by 5% per annum. Fixed costs excluding depreciation:Manufacturing O/H: $2065 in 2013, increasing by 5% per annum. General O/H: $1850 in 2013, increasing by 2% per annum. Depreciation:Factory, machinery & vehicles: $500 per year. Office/Design Studio fixtures: $200 per year. The beta of Bellingham plc is believed to be 1. 65 , the risk-free rate of return is 5. 5% and the return for the last year on the FT All-share index is 2%. UK corporation tax is currently 32% payable 9 months after the end of the accounting year in question (you may assume for the purpose of this case that accounting profit and taxable profit are identical. )Bellingham's directors estimate that the after-tax profits of American Creations could be allocated as follows: 70% as retained earnings and 30% as dividends. This has been the pattern under the under the present ownership. There would be no restriction on the transfer of the appropriate share of these dividends to the UK. The US corporation tax rate applicable is 20% payable in the year in which the profit arises. There is no double taxatio n of profits of US origin in the UK. (For the purpose of this case, ignore the possibility of any withholding taxes and the effects of foreign exchange risk. It is considered possible that, as the US economy develops further, even higher wages than those forecast may be demanded by the workforce. Required: Evaluate the American Creations proposal on behalf of Bellingham plc, supporting your arguments with relevant theory and calculations and indicating any non-financial matters you feel should be taken into consideration. Your report should consider the following areas: 1. An analysis of Bellingham's current position using relevant financial ratios. You should show the calculation of the ratios and provide interpretation of the results. . Calculation of Bellingham's cost of capital, using alternative methods and arriving at the most appropriate figure. 3. An investment appraisal of the American Creations proposal assuming the valuation suggested in the case, using a variety of metho ds and evaluation of the results. 4. A sensitivity analysis of the proposal and interpretation of the results. 5. Calculation and discussion of alternative valuations for acquiring the share in American Creations and how these would impact on the investment appraisal. 6.A discussion of the various available methods of financing the acquisition and consideration of which is the most appropriate. Your calculations and arguments should be supported by relevant theory, with evidence of wide reading around the subject. You should provide a complete bibliography with appropriate referencing in your report. Submission requirements: Your answer should take the form of a written report of approximately 2500 words excluding appendices and the reference list. Deviations from the word count exceeding plus or minus 10% will attract a penalty of 5%. The hand-in deadline for submission is 23. 0 on 25th November 2012. Submissions up to 24 hours late will attract a 10% penalty whilst those beyond 24 hours but less than 1 week late will be capped at 40%. Reports submitted more than one week late will attract a mark of zero. Submit one electronic copy via Studynet. This is an individual assignment and the report submitted should be entirely your own work. Appendix 1:Bellingham plc| | | | | | | Abridged Trading, Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 30th June 2012:| All amounts are in thousands of pounds sterling| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2012| | 2011| | 2010| |Sales| 9606| | 7564| | 6100| | Production Cost| 4034| | 3101| | 2240| | Gross Profit| 5572| | 4463| | 3860| | | | | | | | | Selling Expenses| 1467| | 1250| | 1080| | Installation Expenses| 1689| | 1300| | 980| | Administration Expenses| 960| | 630| | 597| | Operating Profit| 1456| | 1283| | 1203| | Debenture Interest| 53| | 53| | 53| | Profit Before Tax| 1403| | 1230| | 1150| | Corporation Tax| 449| | 394| | 368| | Profit After Tax| 954| | 836| | 782| | Dividends| 341| | 280| | 220| | Retained earnings| 613| | 556| | 562| | Balance Sheet at 30th June 2012:| | | | | | | | | | | | |Fixed Assets (net):| | | | | | | Land & Buildings| 2300| | 2400| | 2500| | Plant & Machinery| 1700| | 1186| | 552| | Fixtures & Fittings| 700| | 600| | 402| | Motor Vehicles| 185| | 140| | 105| | Office equiptment| 250| | 185| | 100| | | 5135| | 4511| | 3659| | Current Assets:| | | | | | | Stocks: Raw Materials| 216| | 208| | 182| | Work in Progress| 200| | 205| | 190| | Finished Goods| 150| | 128| | 97| | Debtors| 1775| | 950| | 595| | Bank/Cash| 230| | 136| | 104| | | 2571| | 1627| | 1168| | Current Liabilities:| | | | | | | Trade Creditors| 1190| | 788| | 270| |Corporation Tax| 449| | 394| | 368| | Final Dividend| 171| | 140| | 110| | | 1810| | 1322| | 748| | | | | | | | | Net Current Assets| 761| | 305| | 420| | Net Assets| 5896| | 4816| | 4079| | | | | | | | | Long-term Liabilities:| | | | | | | 9% Debentures 2016| 750| | 750| | 750| | | | | | | | | | 5146| | 4066| | 3329| | | | | | | | | Shares & reserves | | | | | | | ?1 ordinary shares| 1000| | 1000| | 1000| | 6% Preference shares of 50p ea,| 500| | 500| | 500| | Retained pr for yr| 613| | 556| | 562| | Profit & loss| 3033| | 2010| | 1267| | Shareholders funds| 5146| | 4066| | 3329| |

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