Business Globalization in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business globalisation in China - Essay ExampleTo be able to throw a comprehensive line of business report, we need to evaluate the background of business dynamics by keeping in mind the mixer fabric.Accumulating all necessary data regarding Chinas business prospects pull up stakes require careful study of the political sciences past and be policy. We need to assess Chinas history to completely comprehend the progress and development of the Chinese economy. China offers a lot of compelling reasons that make it an attractive business destination and hence it is imperative that business entities impart local knowledge about China and the different cultural, economic and business idiosyncrasies. To pay off a first-hand consume about the local business dynamics, we will administer a comprehensive interview with local entrepreneurs to get the essence of Chinas business environment. Additionally, we want to interview both successful and unsuccessful local and international entrepr eneurs who pay done businesses in China so as to get unbiased views. In addition to qualitative analysis of Chinese business customs, this report will have a quantitative analysis that will have statistical data and information that support our hypothesis. Surveys will also be carried out to create graphic and numerical representations with regards to the economic condition and the market system of China.The process of shifting from closed, protected and g all overnment regulated economy to a globalized economy is generally a turbulent one. However, the decision to shift had been a compulsion and not a luxury. The importance of globalization and integration with the world economy was in decisive for the appendage of any economy. Globalization has led to numerous improvements and innovation in technology and business, and has touched our universal life. Globalization has not only opened the doors to foreign markets for Chinese goods, but it has also created numerous avenues of ma turation for other economies. Through globalization, we have experienced a balance of global economic and technological activities amid countries from the Far East and countries from the Far North. Additionally, globalization has positively impacted small and micro enterprises all over the world. Regardless of how big or small the business venture is, it is inevitable for any company to conform to new business dynamics. Chinas attempt for global expansion has triggered a growth of the countrys economy, political and business system. In addition to foreign markets, the local demand has also increased tremendously and that has led to the initiation and growth of many small businesses in China. Due to this fact the standard of living, Gross Domestic Product and income per capita of the Chinese inhabitants have significantly improved over a period of 10 years. Moreover, the rapid abolishing of government regulations by the communist regime has brought countless small and micro enterpr ises to the forefront of globalization. China has become a pass global economic force that other countries need to recognize. Hence, the new look China is a really important player in the new world economy scenario.3. SOCIAL CUSTOM AND BUSINESS acculturationJust like any society, China

The five marketing orientation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The five merchandise orientation - Essay ExampleThe five marketing orientationThe harvest-homeion concept is one of the oldest system in the world which in the United States began to proliferate itself after the industrial revolution. The typical production company is dedicated to some form of manufacturing activity. Based on the production concept customer react based on the law of supply and demand in which price is a determining factor of the desire of a customer to acquire an item (Varian, 2003). As lower prices the demand of a product increases, thus the production of the company increases in accordance. The management teams in company following the production concept emphasis on improving the operating efficiency of the besotted to lower costs and streamline the operation in all aspects of its supply chain. The supply chain of a company is the network of distributors, transporters, storage facilities, and suppliers that participate in the sale, delivery, and production of a product. The production concept thunder mug be applied to service companies.A second strategic marketing orientation is the product concept. The product concept stipulates that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features (Kotler, 2002). A company adds economic value to its business by make improvement and enhancements to its featured products. An example of this application be can be seen in the company Sony. One of the most popular products of the company is its portable playstation system (PSP).

Battle Of Midway (WWII) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Battle Of Midway (WWII) - Research Paper Example44). He wanted to drop the American carrier fleet. With the receipts of big numbers of navy and of good quality he plan to confuse the Americans with a diversion flesh out at the coast of Alaska hence the Americans drew to the north and launched his attack on the island of Midway the next day1. Into an mill about the Americans ran to the south hence he used the Midway Island as an Allied convey base. Commanders intent/ scheme of maneuver for both sides Commanders intent captures the commanders thinking, assessments and counselor on the concept of date operations. This mostly is what brings out the result in a battlefield. If he acts in like manner slowly, his coordination, and mental preparedness determines the outcome of the war. Imperial Japanese Navy was under three admirals namely Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo and Nobu read Kondo. The United States Navy also had three admirals namely Chester Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance. Yamamoto had the profit of numbers against the Americas Chester Nimitz naval. The Americas unsounded had few ships and their strength was coming down slowly and this gave Yamamoto confidence that he was going to defeat them. Nevertheless, Chester gained advantage over the Japanese out of deciphering the Japanese radio code by his intelligence team. With this advantage the Americans were fitting to know that Yamamotos target was at the Midway. Japanese had no idea that their radio calls were being confine and being listened to, Yamamoto kept on giving his navy directions through the radio because they were scattered all over. The Japanese relied on a sub-marine air reconnaissance to locate the Americans carriers at the Pearl Harbor where they would sink them when they responded (Kernan. 73). out-of-pocket to the tapping of the radio calls by the Americans they knew about this plan and they spoiled the reconnaissance and the submarine ambush did not ambu sh their fleet, and therefore the Alaskan diversion placed by the Japanese proved to be no resourceful because the Americans ignored it. Yamamoto believed that Chester had at least 2 carriers as maybe they had sunk the USS Yorktown at the red coral Sea. Chester had repaired the damaged ships at the Pearl Harbor2. Still there was a great imbalance in the two fleets when it came to the machinery. Chester had in two task stick, three carriers, eight cruisers and fifteen destroyers. Yamamoto on the other hand had the advantage of 4 large and 2 medium carriers, 11 battleships with many cruisers and destroyers in his amphibious task force in which he sorted to capture Midway. Strategic, Operational and Tactical setting of the battle The setting for the battle was interesting and came with a lot of force and intelligence. Yamamoto had divided his task force into three divisions namely the aggression force, the battle fleet and the four big carriers. The carrier group operated in close order and it was commanded by admiral Nagumo who led them for an attack at the Pearl Harbor. The problem was that these three groups were at a length from each even for mutual support. Chester put his entire stake on his intelligence because engaging in a direct contact would see him defeated and looses the remaining task force. He strengthened the air units on the Midway by using the island as aircraft carrier

Themes & Corresponding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Themes & Corresponding - Essay ExampleSmith and Gordimer are able to use these female characters to in their literary works to depict the manner in which the society treats them, because of the color of their skin, as well as their racial background. The short story by Gordimer and the poem by Smith all depict the invigoration of a black woman. Altikriti (2011) explains that racialism and ethnicity are vices that people experience on a day to day basis. On most occasions, black people are always discriminated upon, by the whites or the Caucasians. Furthermore, Altikriti (2011) explains that racialism and ethnicity was a subject that was difficult to discuss, mainly because of the emotions that it could bring forth. These two literary arranges of art are about ethnicity and racialism. two the short story and the poem give a discussion of ethnicity and racialism. For instance, in the short story, there is a love relationship between Thebedi, a black woman, and Paulus, the son of the master of Thebedi. Altikriti (2011) explains that this relationship between Paulus and Thebedi was command because of the racial nature of Thebedi. She was a black woman, and the blacks were not allowed to inter-marry with the whites. The relationship between Thebedi and Paulus emanated from their childhood romance, into adulthood, resulting to the pregnancy of Thebedi, without the knowledge of Paulus who had gone to study. This passage is able to show the love that existed between Thebedi, and Paulus, Gordimer in her 1975 piece of work denotes that, In one summer afternoon, when water was flowing in the river, and it was very hot outside, Thebedi wadded as they used to, when they were little children, the dress she wore was able to bunch modestly tucking into her legs. The school girls that Paulus used to go go with at the pools or dams near the neighboring farms had their bikinis. However, the sight of their thighs and bellies had never made Paulus to feel

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 19

Business law - Essay Exampleent supersedes alone prior promises relating to the barters agreement. This clause acknowledges that previous promises existed but on that point are now superseded by the new discernment formed. During the cause of the negotiation, the seller creates an implied contract stating that all the properties in the storage warehouse are to be sold as give out of the contract. This means that the warehouse must correspond with the description given which also leads to an implied condition that the warehouse must correspond with the description given. Moreover, if the bargain by sample of the warehouse, as well as by description, it is not adequate that the warehouse corresponds with the description. In addition, the companies also engage in a conversation involving the sale of the warehouse whereby the furniture was to be incorporated as part of the sale of the warehouse. In the above case, there is a contract for the sale of the warehouse by description. There is also an implied condition that the warehouse will correspond with the description (Newbolt 5).If the furniture is included in the contract as a part of sale of the warehouse and does not include a price tag, the furniture should be taken as part of sale. This is because there was no exemption clause in the contract stating that the furniture was not part of sale of the warehouse. Instead, the impletion created in this case should be that there is an implied contract from the agreement to sell, that the furniture is part of the warehouse and whence should be sold as part of the warehouse. If the companies do not agree on the price of the furniture, the woo can decide the price for them. In such a case, the court can appoint an self-reliant liquidator who wills the property of the company if they do not agree on the price. However, the court intervention in such a case should be the last option. The companies should involve in such a effect should explore all other altern atives including seeking the services of an independent third party

Business Operations and Logistics - Tescos Empire Essay

Business Operations and Logistics - Tescos Empire - Essay Example submit chain counselling is a broader concept and which has been defined as it consists of the planning and management of procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities including manufacturing operations, processes and activities related to product design, sales, marketing, finance and information technology (Council of Supply Chain Management, 2013, p. 187). In this regard, Fisher (1997) states that cede chain management includes both native and external logistics activities between companies. And this has been illustrated by the graphical record 1 representing the internal supply chain. This graph depicts that the process of supply chain begins from suppliers, which is external entity entering into logistics transaction with the company. In former(a) words, the companies ar required to ensure the external flow of logistics in which communication, delivery of supply, rates, designs type and quan tity are those important factors that are considered before going to the physical flow of goods or products. This graph 2 understandably highlights different aspects of logistics and supply chain management. Each aspect has its own influence on different logistics activities as the business world has become highly connected and reliant on business dealings and relationships and these dealings are mainly reflected through logistics and supply chain management as mutual business interests The graph 3 represents Tescos internal supply chain. The companys internal supply chain consists of sixer stages and each stage has its own functions. For example, in the first stage, dairy source, the process of collecting dairy milk takes place. In this stage, the company affiliates interact with the dairy owners and from companys own farm houses from the companys own farmhouses, milk is directly forwarded to dairy factory whereas milk is collected from the independent dairy owners at a pre-determ ined time.

Public Health Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Public Health Leadership - Essay ExampleThis root word alike compargons and contrasts the roles and responsibilities of the chief executive or key leader for each level.To understand the differences in lead and organizational structures at all the levels, it is important to use a specific country as a point of reference, in this case, the US. According to Scutchfield and Keck (2009), there are several organizations at the federal or study level responsible for public health in the US. Some of these include the Center for Disease authorization (CDC) and Food and Drug Agency (FDA). These national organizations are led by directors. These organizations have analogous arrangements and constitutions. These directors work out massive control at all health activities at the national level. In other words, these individuals are responsible for managing all health activities at the federal level. Subsequently, they support and promote methodical investigations and explorations in incl ination to health issues of public concern. In addition, these directors establish and uphold effective associations and linkages with other organizations at the national, relegate, and local levels. It is of meaning to assert that these directors take part in creating national health strategies as well in their implementation, and also ensures the competence and efficiency or helpfulness of all health care sectors at the national level.Branches of health care at this level are structured in a self-governing or supreme manner and they are a function of the state governments. Leadership varies greatly at all the lead levels though they are all involved in providing support for health delivery systems. At the state level, there are key powers accountable for establishing strategies, courses of actions, or guiding principles in relation to health matters, placing anteriority on health issues, gathering relevant information as well as scrutinizing it, providing monetary support, and supervision localized actions in relation

Comparative analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Comparative depth psychology - Essay ExampleThesis statement The analysis and comparison of Gold seashore and Sunshine marge in Australia proves that these beaches comprise of a number of similarities and dissimilarities in history, importance, geographic setting, tourism, economy, and infrastructure development.Usually, comparative analysis consists of comparison and contrasting two themes, topics or theories. Here, the comparative analysis is based upon two tourist areas, Gold sloping trough and Sunshine Coast in Australia. Before comparing the foretold topic, it is important to analyze the history and importance of the same.The history of Gold Coast is deeply rooted among the aborigines of Australia. For instance, the aborigines called the foretold area as Kurrungul, the place from where they used to collect hardwood for their traditional weapons. The local tribes used to camp near Gold Coast because of the abundance of fresh water supply. The geographical exploration undert aken by Captain Cook in 1770 helped the outer world to know more roughly this area. Later, in 1840, Dixon (surveyor) authorized by the government renamed the Gold Coast and its surrounding areas. But another surveyor, planetary Sir Thomas Mitchell helped to regain the older names like Currumbin Creek, Kurrawa etc.Later, the foretold areas underwent rapid change and were transformed to farms and fields. For instance, the foretold areas became the pith of industrialization. But in 1933, Gold Coast was renamed as Surfers Paradise. This helped Gold Coast to be an important tourist hot spot in Australia. The development in 1950s attracted a number of entrepreneurs to this area. Gradually, this area became a holiday spot for entertainment. Now, Gold Coast is one of the fastest growing tourist destinations in Australia.As pointed out earlier, Gold Coast acts the role of an important tourist destination in Australia. The Gold Coast map (see

Japanese culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

lacquerese culture - Essay representativeThe researcher states that the Japanese constitution is believed to have some very serious reading errors yes, rendition errors argon part of this constitution since its origin. Article 9 of this governing body relinquishes fight or forbids the traditional warfare in Japan. Article 9 says. Japanese plenty desire to renounce war and refer to international stillness as a system of order and justice. They consider it an autonomous national right of the people of Japan and alike abandon use of force as a means of settling international disagreements. In order to come in compliance with this rule, sea, land, and air forces as well as otherwise war related forces will never be sustained. The supreme right of bellicosity of the state will never be documented. The Japanese version and position version of Japanese Constitution differs to such an extent that most people are unable to comprehend that these two are just a translation of one some other As we all know that Americans wrote the Constitution of Japan after World War II, weight of incline version should be more than Japanese one but Japanese version is considered as the original, credit document and what is written in it matters most to the Japanese than English one. The Constitution of Japan was written by U.S Occupation Authority and MacArthur in the wake of World War II. And then it was converted into Japanese. The Constitution bears astute interest among Japanese linguists and translators as it looks peculiar when translated into Japanese. (Wallace, 2011) The Constitution sounds very aberrant in Japanese, as if it wasnt meant for this language. It looks very unnatural and peculiar. In English, the later paragraph says, sea, land, and air forces as well as other war related forces will never be sustained. However, the Japanese reserve it differently or else of will never be sustained, they say will not be sustained or shall not be sustained. The Japanes e have not used the word never anywhere in the text. Neither had they expressed it in a written form or implied it anywhere. During the course of time, English version had sprain the accepted one and Japanese one had been rejected. Strategists and scholars outside of Japan rely on the English version when considering Japanese policy and politics. (Wallace, 2011) The English version is found in modern Japanese politics and history, in college textbooks, in media reports, and is used as a model for all other countries of the being in relation to pacifistic propensities and anti-war strategies. Bilingual experts have seen the dispute between the Japanese version and English version long ago. But, until recently it wasnt seen that a modification to Japanese constitution was likely to take place, so this impediment of translation was not given a second thought. Now, if the Japanese alter their Constitution or not, it does not genuinely matter as Article 9 doesnt say anything permanent . (Language Realm) This translation error in the Constitution does imply to the fact that Japan has one of the best equipped and 3rd biggest military in the entire world. Japan uses its self defense forces in military action. This is a unmortgaged contradiction to its Article 9 of the Constitution as of the English version of the Constitution. The translation issue is regarded as less important due to the truth that Japan is keeping fast breeder reactors and is likely to become a nuclear country within twelve months of actually deciding to be one. But, this is reality is also important that the words in Japanese Constitution are not only taken naughtily by people around the globe, but by Japanese themselves as well. (Language Realm) In 2009, an annual summit conducted by Yomiuri on revising the Constitution of Japan once again found out that a clear majority-51.6 is in favor of the revision. The

Explain and discuss the golden rule of accumulation and assess the Essay

Explain and discuss the golden detect of accumulation and assess the implications for macroeconomic indemnity - Essay ExampleAll such factors are considering by policy makers while implementing macroeconomic policies for the orbit. The nest egg investment behavior of the saving can be captured through neoclassical economics including the golden rule of accumulation. The golden rule is adopted to move towards optimum consumption. The golden rule determines the desired level of nest egg since under this level all profits are saved and then reinvested (Baumgartner and Meredith, 1995, p.6). Thus the current penning tends to discuss the golden rule of accumulation and its implications for macroeconomic policies.The production function of a country depicts how the country utilizes the available resources and inputs for producing output. Land, labor, capital and organization are termed as factors of production. We mainly use capital (K) and labor (L) as the two factors. It is given a s,Equally important as production is the concept of consumption which is the difference between income and savings. The consumption function depicts the relation between consumption and disposable income (Consumption Function). It is given as,Attainment of stiff accede means that an economy has gained stability. A country has attained steady state either due to step-up or decrease in growth. It occurs when production rates or the countrys investment equals depreciation. such a phenomenon is shown in the diagram below B B depreciation (k)Here it is seen that under the steady state output labor ratio becomes stagnant as investment becomes equal to depreciation at point A. production function determines the output- labor ratio at point B. Away from A the economy is converging towards steady state.Under the steady state the government requires to choose that level of

Experience economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Experience economy - Essay ExampleCommerce includes all those activities, which atomic number 18 affiliated with raft and auxiliaries to peck such as transport, warehousing, insurance and banking and finance. trade wind involves buying and selling of goods and its purpose is to bridge over the gap between persons, i.e. the producers and the consumers can concentrate on their own occupations and at the same beat buy goods to satisfy their consumption needs. The farmers can both enjoy each others products with the help of bargainers. For example there are different types of cotton jute, hides and skins are supplies to the producers of cotton textiles, gunny bags and shoes respectively. At the same time key goods, which have been produced with the raw materials, are supplied to the consumers. Producers buy raw materials, machinery and equipment as well as stores and spare split for machinery fro trading agencies and consumers buy practically all articles required for their da ily use from traders.Goods are produced on a large scale in anticipation of demand. The markets for products are now spread over the length and extensiveness of the country and even extended to countries across the international borders. Hence direct sale of goods by the producers to the consumers is non possible. Without the help of traders and merchants engaged in trade it would be impossible for the system of large-scale production to continue. The trader involved in the actual operation of purchasing goods from producers and selling them to consumers. peckrs and consumers are interdependent.Importance of tradeTrade is of great significance for production as well as consumption of goods. It is through trade that goods produced at particular places are equitably distributed among users. With the help of trade goods are made available to consumers at the time of their need. It removes the hindrance of persons by bringing together producers and consumers who are widely scattered. Advantages of tradeAdvantages of trade are outlined belowIt enables the producers to concentrate on their production activities otherwise they would have to go in search of consumers for goods they produce.Trade makes goods available to consumers who can concentrate on their own occupationsIt results in specialization and large-scale production as the markets are now spread over wide territories. Sale of goods from one country and purchase of goods condition other countries.It provides avenues of employment to versatile persons.It increases the standard of living of people as they can avail of goods of various kinds produces by different producers.Distinction between Home trade and foreign tradea. Home trade is come to with trade between people of the same country while foreign trade is concerned with trade between people of two different countries.b. In home trade the buyer has to turn over for the goods in home currency while in foreign trade buyer ha to make payment in forei gn currency.c. Payment in home trade is simpler and less time overwhelming while in foreign trade, payment is not a simple process and hence is more than time consuming.d. Home trade is not subject to restrictions, which exist in case of foreign trade such as tariffs, quotas, etc. e. Transport costs are relatively much less in home trade than in foreign trade.Development in different sectors like Information Technology, trade name industry, etc., has resulted a sharp rise in the usage of harmful substances.

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Culture - Essay ExampleOften the organisational socialisation is characterized as having three phases behavior and artifacts, values, and assumptions and beliefs (Strategic Leadership and Decision Making). Organizational culture has great influence on the stream p arnthoodd decision making process. To illustrate, in a centralized system of rulesal structure, the decision making power is vested in the hand of top level management. On the other hand, in decentralized organizational structures, the decision making power is distributed as down as possible to the scratch line phase of chain of command. The organizational culture provides the members of a firm with meaning and regulations for behaving within the organization. In the very(prenominal) way, a firms history together with unwritten rules also constitutes a significant set about of its culture. On the other hand, some organizational cultures are so strong that they dictate the character of the entirely firm . The organizational culture has the power to influence the decision making as it articulates informall(a)y through work out and indirect statements what the management wishes. The culture, sometimes, consists of explicit statements of values, beliefs, and customs got from top-level managements. Strategic Transition Strategy can be defined as the overarching goals and objectives of a backup. The strategy decisions of a company affect its line of business and its internal operations. It is some(prenominal) difficult to predict exactly what happens when the organization alters its strategy. However, organizations come across some positive and negative set up when undertaking a strategic change. Importance Organizational strategy controls all managerial decisions from the front line to the board room. Strategic policies play the important role of guidelines to the owners and top-level management in achieving their grand expectations in a more practical way. Changing the strategy o f an organization can alter the manner and mode which the organization operates in, affecting everything from organizational structure to the daily practices of employees. Process The process of a corporate strategic transmutation by an organization can be divided into four distinct steps such as planning, implementing, monitoring, and review. At the planning process, the executives set a strategic vision with concrete and time-bound objectives and aims. Suitable research and test must be carried out at this stage to make sure the viability of the change. At the implementations stage, the changes must be put into action in accordance with the plan. The monitoring stage includes a continual process of superintendence and examining that the plans are working. Finally, the review phase analyzes the progress of the working of the plan and decides whether the changes must be sustained or changed yet again. Positive Effects Changing the strategy of an organization can result in several (prenominal) positive effects. New strategic guidelines help an organization to easily acclimatize to the changing environments of the marketplace. New business strategies assist a company to execute its business more effectively and cost efficiently. They help a company to invest into a new, more profitable trade or market segment. Besides, with the help of changes in the strategy, a stagnant company can retrieve its earlier growth rates. Negative Effects However, all the effects are not positive and there are negative effects too. Organizations face the major(ip) issue of resistance from the internal employees against implementing effective strategic changes. There are certain people who powerfully oppose any kind of alterations to the status quo or to their daily practices. In the same way, there are also chances for an organization t

The War On Drugs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The contend On Drugs - Research Paper ExampleDespite of intense crack the border remained closed for lone(prenominal) twenty days. US also worked with the government of Bolivia and Peru to reduce drug supply by spraying base killing chemicals on million of acre of drugs and compensating farmers to grow other crops instead. With this move coca production was reduced to half. b atomic number 18ly the production of drug moved from those countries to Colombia, looking at the situation US government came up with the think Colombia. Plan Colombia was an enterprise on behalf of US government to combat against war on drugs. Millions of dollars of military avail was given to Colombia in order to combat against guerilla groups who are involved in drug trafficking. Colombian military personnel also took training from US military and other law and enforcement agencies. But this effort of US government was criticized by umpteen analyst and congress men as according to them US is keeping focus only on south side whereas ignoring drug trafficking from the North part of the country. oneness of the most evident signs of the failure of this war appears in 2006, when Mexican President Felipe Calderon launched an offensive against drug cartels in which 40,000 people were killed and media named this event drug Violence 40,000 people include not only cartel members ,police officers and many US citizens. However billion dollar support package was sent to Mexican government to strife against cartel but as the aid delivered the death rate have risen with 15,273.According to the subdivision of Justice, the illegal drug market in US is dominated by 900,000 criminally active gang members affiliated with 20,000 street gangs who have their setup in more than 2500 cities of US as explained in police force Enforcement against Prohibition (2011) This illegal drug market affected countless US communities, as it was fought in US streets with law and enforcement agencies who impriso ned many US citizens. Number of citizens who were imprisoned increased in the last one-third decades. This was due to anti drug abuse act of 1986 which created serious minimum sentencing laws for drug abuse. Due to which drug arrests tripled between 1980-1997 and according to Whitehead(2012) in every 19 seconds at least one person was arrested in US for violating the laws against this war and in every 30 seconds a person arrested for violating marijuana law, thus reservation it fourth most common cause of arrest in US. Drug abuse has severe stimulated and financial strain on families in addition to other reported domestic abuses. It was also ascertained that the offense of drug abuse has also affected subsequent percentage of women and children. Women in prison are more likely than men who have convicted of a drug offense. In 2005 there were 29% of women and 19% of men and two third of children under age of 18 who had convicted drug offense. Federal welfare decree of 1996 impose d lifetime ban on welfare benefits for anyone convicted drug abuse. This created another challenge for the people when they reelect back to the society especially for women. Also only one in seven among the prisoners was given give-and-take for drug. Graph below shows the comparison between the percentages

Freedom,equality,justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Freedom, par,justice - Essay ExampleThe root cause of dirty acts in society, according to Karl Marx, lies in the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and resources. Marx considered equality as a purely policy-making value, political notion, and that it belonged to the worldly-minded class. However, Marx argued that this class of mountain use equality to perpetuate class oppression. Political equality according to Marx is a form of procedural equality. The legal system in society accords some people much justice than others. Therefore, this is why Marx considered elements of justice, freedom, and equality as inappropriate for serving as the foundation of his politics. On the other hand, Locke and Kants view on equality was that it is based on the amount of possession nonpareil owns. In the state of nature and even in todays centralized authority, there exists divergence in distribution of wealth, depending on ones level of authority. Therefore, the more wealth one has, the mo re he stands to achieve equality, making equality to be relative to inequality. However, they are of the opinion that the notion of equality, if clever appropriately is still essential in society as it is only by dint of this that freedom set up be achieved. This is a backing to Marxs views, and to an extent shows that equality in society can be hard to achieve, as even communalist societies experience inequality in both power and wealth distribution. On justice, Marx argued that only the bourgeois have the right to justice in society, as this stems from the element of equality. Marx did not witness capitalistic exploitation as unjust on the side of the labourers. He only was against the means through which the bourgeois acquired their wealth and power. However, Kant thought that the concept of equality is associated with the political and social institutions in society. Marx rejected the egalitarian intuition and the fact that any equal standard could be used to formulate some noble-minded demand of justice. He master(prenominal)tained that rights are best if kept unequal. Marx criticized the political, claiming that egalitarianism is an unclear political concept. However, bourgeois equality is based on political equality, which lies on the bourgeois economy. Therefore, according to Marx, bourgeois concepts of justice, morality, and right came up as class interests, and not based on genuine causes. Charles mill around similarly acknowledges the role of class, gender, religion, education, and race, among others in classification of people in society. All these elements according to Mils are the basis of discrimination, inequality, and injustice in society. However, hostile Marx who regarded social stratification as major cause of injustice, Mills refers to the concept of race as the main force behind most evils in society. Social cartel according to Mills is fictitious and a reconstruction of the civil society, the racial contract is a naturalized acc ount of the actual historical record (91). Mills argues that the contract concept is still important in the society despite its shortcomings. First, this can be a standard to measure the societys potential of achieving their political ideals. However, this is only possible if using the contract concept they can identify and remove obstacles that lie in their way to the achievement of these goals. In addition, the non-whites, in order to determine the moral awareness of the whites, who perpetuate exploitation with their acclaimed superiority, have used the concept of racial contract. Kant and Locke basing on their works in political philosophy share similar views on the racial contrac

Slum Life Empowerment Activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Slum Life Empowerment Activities - Essay ExampleAmong those activities, I enjoyed corporation mobilization and community empowerment finished environmental cleaning as well as public awareness through talks. It is now the third year since I chose and decided to pursue a course of life in giving back to the society in form of youth mobilization for behavior budge as part of my leisure activity. Studying from the city presents a challenge in time management in that weekly daily routines are often defined by waking up for school archean every day and returning home late in the evening, very tired and having a portion to accomplish in studies before I retire for bed. Nevertheless, much of my free time is over the weekends and in particular on Saturday when I do not attend school. On weekends, I engage in the activities of see the slums around the city for empowerment programs especially aimed at youths who often indulge in drugs and are associated with crime. I enjoy the whole exp erience of mobilizing and gathering people together for a public lecture on behavior change, for street cleaning exercises as well as for gift shows. After growing up within the city suburbs, passing through slums wipe out not been new to my life and I have observed the challenges that life in slums entails. Life in slum is characterized with poor living standards, lack of prefatorial needs like food shelter and clothing as well as deprivation of such(prenominal) basic services as education. This contributes more to antisocial behaviors especially among the youth where drug use and hazard becomes part of their lives. This, therefore, informed my decision to spend my leisure time interacting with slum dwellers in efforts to help them change behaviors for a positive living. More specifically, my delight is in engaging the people in community wellbeing activities such as environmental cleaning activities, drugs and substance campaigns as well as in talentsearch through sporting ac tivities.

Philosophy of education Essay Example for Free

ism of education EssayPhilosophy is a set of beliefs or ideas one has towards their discipline or line of work. Don Kauchak and Paul Eggen, authors of the standard Introduction to Teaching Becoming a Professional, define ism as The study of theories of knowledge, truth, existence, and morality (Kauchak Eggen, 2011) . The philosophical system of education is a very important aspect of teaching. It is meant to guide instructors in the classroom and offer perspicacity to the reckoning of past experts (Kauchak Eggen, 2011) . It often will answer the main questions any new and even flavor teachers have when preparing to teach in the classroom. There are various degrees of philosophy, for example there is the philosophy of life, the philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of education. However, there are four philosophies of education they include Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and sociable Reconstructionism. After calculating my tons on the philosophical as sessment in the Kauchak and Eggen textbook, I found that my personal philosophy of education is an able combination of Perennialism and affable Reconstructionism. According to Kauchak and Eggen, Perennialism consists of the teaching of classic knowledge (Kauchak Eggen, 2011) .This includes literacy, mathematics, and science. Another way of looking at this is teaching scholarly persons subjects that they will use in the future, even if it does not seem pertinent now. The definition of perennial is long-term and that is exactly how a teacher with a Perennialism philosophy teaches. Social Reconstructionism, fit to Kauchak and Eggen is An educational philosophy suggesting that schools, teachers, and students should lead in alleviating social inequities in our clubhouse (Kauchak Eggen, 2011) .In other words, a teacher with this philosophy teaches their students about social problems, improving society and teaching their students about personal responsibilities. Perennialism and Social Reconstructionism are each on opposite ends of the spectrum. Social Reconstructionism focuses more on the society in which the student lives, while Perennialism focuses more on the intellect of the student. Having these two as my personal philosophies is a bit difficult. patch I do believe teaching tolerance and understanding is important, I as well as know that acquire mathematics, science and literacy is equally important. After reading the scenario on page 219 of the Kauchak and Eggen textbook, I would respond to the students by graduation trying to motivate them. Offering fillips is a great way to get students attention they are more eager to pay attention if they are pursuing it to get something out of it. You can use anything as a motivator my favorite was always free dessert at lunchYou can also give extra credit points on the next quiz or for younger students you could offer an incentive such as line leader or bathroom monitor for the day. The younger students l ove when they think they are in charge of something, it can also help their self-esteem knowing they are doing something important. I do believe this is more of an example of Perennialism, however, depending on the specific motivator and the response it gets it could be Social Reconstructionism as well. The second response I would try is starting a discussion.I would try acquire the students attention by putting them in discussion groups or having a discussion as a whole class. This would definitely be an example of Social Reconstructionism. This encourages the students to work together and to come up with a solution together. It gives them a chance to ask each other questions before asking the teacher. It also compels them to deposit focused on the topic and eliminates the my hand wasnt raised excuse. My third response, though I would prevail it my last resort, would be to spell out a summary on what was taught during the instruction.By doing this, it makes the students want an d need to hear in order to do their assignment correctly. This also offers a chance to get some feedback from the teacher and allows you to reflect on what you learned and what you need to work on. This is an example of Perennialism, as it deals with the thought process and boost literacy. While Perennialism and Social Reconstructionism are complete opposites, they also share some characteristics, making it easier to teach exploitation both philosophies.Many common knowledge subjects can be transitioned to include activities that work well to placate social problems. In math, you can have the students work in groups. This promotes team work and logic. In literacy, you may give reading assignments dealing with a specific problem in society (e. g. poverty, bullying, etc) and have the students write summaries on what they read. This can promote logical thinking as well as establishing knowledge of the society issue in the reading.

Afro-Caribbean Poetry Essay Example for Free

Afro-Caribbean verse EssayIn this essay I entrust be strikeing the diverse items of poetry from manyAfro-Caribbean poets. one(a) of the poets is Langston Hughes who wasborn in Joplin, Missouri on the first of February 1902. He startedwriting poetry after paltry to Lincoln, Illinois. The verse forms I bequeath bestudying be Mulatto and I, in any case.The next poet I provide be seek at is favor Nichols. Nichols was bornin Guyana in 1950, she came to England in 1977 this is when shedeveloped her fiction and verse writing. The verse form I will be studying isPraise song for my buzz off.The next poet I will look at will be Dr Benjamin Obadiah lqualZephaniah, he was born in Birmingham, plainly he exhausted most of histime in Jamaica. After he spent some time in prison he decided to usehis energy for good and educate himself. The poesy I will study I hunch overme mudder.The last poet work I will be looking at will be John Agard. Agard wasborn in Guyana in 1949, the country was static a British dependance until1966. In 1977 Agard moved to England. This is where he became thelight of the new West Indian British dawn of various bardiccompositions. Agard is a poet whom blends calypso styled languagewith unique sounding spoken interchange.The work I will be studying is half(a)-casteI guard partner offed the poems up. The pairs either share the same topic,tone or language. One of the pairs is Half-caste by John Agard andMulatto by Langston Hughes, because they have the same type oftopic and also tone.Half caste is about weather the term half-caste can be applied toany thing else unconnected from people. John Agard has written a very goodpoem witch makes you think about the voice communication we use every day without knowing the proper meanings and whether it makes any sensewhen you break the word down. I think that many words we use noware out of date and should be changed for politically correct termsand alternatives. Agard also uses some stunning references to get youthinking.The other half of this pair Mulatto tells us about the harshtreatment black women faced at the hands of their white bosses inthe slave era and how the women were only used as play things, thisis shown in the part Whats a system but a toy?. The word mulattomeans the same as half caste but not as many people use itnowadays. The boy in the story has a commove fitting in with blackpeople and white people and does not have that sense of be ifhe had been born to parents of the same race.The next pair is Praise song for my aim by Grace Nichols and Ilove me mudder by Benjamin Zephaniah. Ive paired these poemsbecause they share the same topics which is their mothers.Praise song for my mother is about how Grace Nichols loved hermother and how she inspired to do the best she could. Its also howshe looked up to her, and how her mother was all the things she likessuch as the sunrise and the fried plantain smell. The poem is set in apast tense which seem s to tell us the readers that her mother hasdied.The second half of my pair is I love me mudder. This poem is abouthow Benjamin Zephaniahs mother came from Jamaica on a boatcalled Windrush. Many people came from Jamaica because they eyeshot they would have a better life than the one they all ready had.In black family family (need to remove this) life the figure of themother is very strong and is the main rule maker in the house, andthis poem shows how she works so hard just to make sure her familydont go without.The last pair of poems is besmirch by Grace Nichols and I, Too byLangston Hughes these two poems have been joined together becausethey both have kind of the same topic which shows the pain blackpeople have overcome but still yet we are strong.taint is about the treachery that this individual has had cast uponthem while they where a slave, the situation that they where stolen by menthe colour of their own skin. This reminds me of the black on blackgang warfare and killing s.This person who trusted the people of theirsame skin colour was betrayed. This work also shows how thesepeople where traded like they where animals. The poem has amessage to everyone to stop fighting and live peacefully together.The second half of the pair is I, Too which shows how black peoplehad to eat in a kitchen when company came but they ate well andbecame strong. So when company comes no one will dare tell me toeat in the kitchen and now you are ashamed about what you did tome when I was mentally weak. This poem has a promise of hope forchange. Hughes suggests that Tomorrow things will be different andpeople will see that beauty and equality of all peoples.

Market Equilibration Process Paper Essay Example for Free

Market Equilibration Process Paper EssayThe market equilibration process occurs when the market shag nominate and maintain a balance between the supply and demand. It also includes what manufacturers take in consideration of what can help lead their firms so they can maximize profits with units sold and match what consumers are unforced to spend on an item. This will lead to market equilibration. With family, finances must have equilibration to maintain a good life. Prior to making major buys or planning vacations, in that respect are several options to consider. What should be done is assess the family finances. Each family need to account for all income during each pay period, then routine what they are going to pay as monthly expenses like rent, electricity, water, credit cards, cell phones, cables and putting capital into the family savings. This information will help to determine the families income so they can plan their next major purchase or family vacation.If pla nning a vacation there needs to be consideration for the total speak to and what is available to spend, and second is the real income proceeding, has there been a change in a families purchasing power. The jurisprudence of demand according to McConnel (2009) states, Other things equal, as hurt falls, the quantity demanded rises, and as scathe rises, the quantity demanded falls. When there is a change in determinants of demand in the family for examples income of the family, the cost of an item, and the expectations of the family. Each of these determinants will have an effect on the demand. The demand will either shift to the right with an increase or to the left indicating a decrease. The law of supply according to McConell, (2009) states, As prices rises, the quantinty supplied rises as price falls, the quantity supplied falls.So with higher prices merchandise is increased and profits are increased. Changes in family income will affect the supply determinants. This will ca use a shift to the left to decrease the supply. These determinantsincludes resource prices, job market, employment, taxes, and prices of other goods. Efficient markets theory states that all working financial markets react at the very moment to any new information for families, this means the price in vacation is placed at that very moment, and any family has a chance to act on it or not.At times, the resources are lacking and the consumer demand outweighs the available supply or the supply is greater than the demand. This is when the equilibrium shifts and causes either a shortage or a surplus. With shortages in this case there is an extra in the demand or low supply of income. This will result in a price increase and those prices will prevail. Then when there is a surplus of an income this will cause the family to have much expendable income. To obtain market equilibrium there has to be a balance between twain supply and demand.ReferencesEconomics Online. (n.d). Market Equiblr ium. Retrieved from http//www.economicsonline.uk/competitive_markets/Market_equlibrium.html McConell, C. R., Brue, S. L., Flynn, S. M. (2009). Economics, Principles, Problems, and Policies (18th ed.). New York, NY The McGraw-Hill. NASDAQ. (n.d). Efficient marets theory (EMT). Retrieved from http//www.nasdaq.com/investing/glossary/e/efficient-market-theory

The Insight About Hamlets Elusive and Mysterious Character Essay Example for Free

The Insight rough small t haves Elusive and Mysterious Character Essay villages famous and memorable soliloquy, To be, or not to be, provides us with insight on the different emotions Shakespeare places into Hamlets character. This soliloquy is spoken by Prince Hamlet in Act III, scene I, lines 62-96. It is arguably one of the most famous speeches in English belles-lettres and reflects m either important themes of the play, Hamlet. Through this soliloquy, we discover several aspects of Hamlets mysterious and snarled character.The cardinal main themes that show us more into Hamlets character are his question of whether he should commit suicide, his uncertainty of the subsequentlylife, and his logical in the moment decision making. Will suicide be the correct path to take? The first and most legendary line of this soliloquy, To be, or not to be (III. i. 62), Hamlet discusses possible suicide. He is faced with the question of whether he should commit suicide in the cruel in itiation he lives in. He wonders if it is better to suffer through all the brutalities of the world almost him, Whether tis nobler in the theme to suffer (III. . 63) or end them by simply garbage downing himself.Hamlet has the right to contemplate this question. He has been betrayed by many he loves and sees no point in living or being around disloyalty anymore, however, he knows he must stay alive to avenge his fathers ending. This gives us a better look at Hamlets elusive character because we see how faithful he is, especially towards his father. He has many prospects of taking his own life but knows he must be strong and retaliate for the death of his father. The uncertainty of an afterlifeIn the soliloquy, Hamlet initially believes that suicide bequeath stop his suffering but rethinks the idea and realizes he is uncertain of what might happen to him after he takes his life. Hamlet knows the easiest thing for him to do at this point is commit suicide but contemplates the id ea because he wonders what might come of him in the afterlife, the dread of something after deaththe undiscovered country (III. i. 84-85). He explains a list of his miseries and elaborates on the idea that the dread of something after death (III. i. 84) makes one live with their suffering quite go onto a more miserable afterlife.Hamlets elusive character is scared of death but also the living fear of the ultimate unknown. Although Hamlet is uncertain of what may occur after life he is part of the Protestant church which believed at the time that there was indeed a heaven and hell. Hamlet realizes the idea of the dreadful after life means he cannot end his own life, which shows how strong his character is to be able to live with his agonies. Logical Thinker Hamlets elusive character is unwrapped even further as we see his ability to think logically at times of distress.Hamlet wishes to commit suicide however questions the consequences, to be or not to be-that is the question (III. i . 62). When the thought of suicide first appears in Hamlets mind, he does not immediately follow his wishes and run through himself. He contemplates this thought and rethinks the idea immensely. Hamlets melancholy character, which works frantically to find a solution to his pain clashes with his logical intellect. Ultimately, Hamlet makes the right decision by not committing suicide. Throughout this soliloquy, To be, or not to be, Hamlet questions his life on earth.He is not sure if he wants to live any longer and has many thoughts of ending his life. He wishes to be loyal to his father and avenge the death of him. He is also unsure of what evil things could become of him in the afterlife due to his religious beliefs. Hamlet is precise logical in his decisions. In the moment, he wishes to no longer live but his elusive ingenious brain tells him he must not end his life. After much contemplation, Hamlet decides not to kill himself. This reveals the logical and intelligent quality of Hamlets mind.

Effect of Electronic Media in Public Essay Example for Free

Effect of Electronic Media in Public Essay lots vivification is becoming more convenient and colorful comp bed with the past years because of the growing popularity of electronic media, which ar media that use electronics or electromechanical energy for the end-user (audience) to access the content.The user of electronic media, such as the internet, 3G meandering(a) phone were increasing rapidly in China within the past years. In the year of 1987, Chinese people sent their first email to Germany in an institute located in Beijing. In 2000, the fleck of internet users was 225, 000, 00 and this figure reached to 513,000,000 by the end of December, 2011. Besides, Chinese mobile phone users have exceeded one gazillion by the end of 2011.Why these electronic media increase so fast? Because it is the age of information and engineering today. Xiaoping Deng (1988) pointed out that Science and technology constitute the primary productive force. Electronic media devices have found th eir sort into all parts of modern life. For example, a person who has something urgent to inform to his family, of course he would take away to use e-mail instead of writing letter, for its more convenient and fast and can be hear at any time or anywhere by the receiver. The other electronic media, like telephone, telegraph, which are all quicker and safer than the traditional way to communicate. Besides, books and newspapers cost people a lot (money, time, etc.) since these traditional media create frequently and updated slower than the electronic media, such as the internet.The electronic media affect peoples life greatly because of their convenience and safety. It also provides people with a public platform to express the true thoughts from their internal world. However, we should know that there are always two sides to everything, and it is without exception for electronic media. Excessive using of electronic media may lead people to indulge in the virtual world. For instan ce, children are addicted to net games so the phenomenon of absenteeism in school appeared which is a rarephenomenon in the past years. Moreover, since the early 1960s, research evidence has been screening that violence in television, movies, video games, cell phones, and on the Internet increases the risk of violent behavior.In conclusion, People should know how to use these advanced and modern media in a reasonable way, for these new electronic media could chair in a serious of problem during their lifetime if they are used improperly by the people.References1.The twenty-ninth China Internet Development Statistics Report(2012).online.Available from http//www.cnnic.cn/research/bgxz/tjbg/201201/t20120116_23668.html2.Wikipedia.online.Available fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_media3.L. Rowell Huesmann. (2007). The Impact of Electronic Media Violence Scientific Theory and Research.

An Education Film Essay Essay Example for Free

An Education Film Essay EssayAnalyse how conflict (either internal or external) was utilise in a film you have studied to help us better understand a main purpose.Often, its not about becoming a new person, but becoming the person you were meant to be, and already be, but dont fuck how to be. An Education directed by L whizz Scherfig is a film about coming of age and discovering whom we are. The film is place in the premature 1960s a time ruled by moral code and strong feminist rules. jenny is the main flake who is 16 and aspiring to read English at Oxford. She soon suitables playboy David, who seduces her and they f alone in love. This birth lets jennet capture into a whole new world of thrilling and current things. This creates a hulky internal conflict for jenny ass who now moldiness decide what she penurys to do with her career. She has trio course of studyways she fag end opt from, and the characters of Helen, Mrs. Stubbs and Jennys mother Marjorie model all of these paths. She moldiness decide if she wants to live an exciting behavior but is filled with fraud and larceny. She can to a fault living a boring life of instructor marking pony essays but also one that has had the purpose of an direction and is fulfilling in numerous ways. Jenny can also become a housewife though deal her mother Marjorie, this is the most commons paths for women in the 1960s and is a tedious and unfulfilling lifestyle. Jenny is internally conflicted between all three of these paths, because whichever one she picks pass on determine the rest of her life.Very early on in the film we are introduced to the character of Helen, she is an affluent person and lives an abundant life style of which m all people in the 1960s would be jealous. She has the privilege of lavish clothes, aid fabulous concerts, going to art auctions, eating in Michelin star restaurants and locomotion the world. This is the life Jenny wants to live. Jenny is able to access this lif e style through David he opens her up to all sorts of new possibilities. When we first meet Helen at the concert in Saint James real we can tell the Jenny is in awe of Helen. Jenny strokes Helens velvety fur cape, admiring the fine mend of clothing. Jenny asks Helen it is beautiful, where did it come from? Helen being genuinely wealthy probably has many coats and beautiful clothes like this and so simply replies oh South Ken somewhere. The area Helen is talking about is South Kensington and is one of the wealthiest areas of London.This is the motley of area that Jenny wouldnt have been able to afford anything from so when Helen raises to her that they should go shopping in concert there and that David can pay, Jenny is a little get hold ofn back because something so luxurious and hideous shouldnt come so substantially. Jenny realises that this life can become possible if she sticks with David. There is no bespeak for her to bring up Oxford to have a fun and fulfilling life . With David she can live Helens life, where she can go to France her escape in life I want to be cut. She wouldnt have to deal with her parents, aim and Oxford. With David she is not confined in her life, she can do whatever she wants. Jenny must collide with a decision as to whether she wants to stay with David and to continue living this exciting lifestyle or to continue on the path of life she had originally planned out for her life in Oxford and one of an Education. Jenny must remember that when lifes path is steep to keep your head word open Jenny is focussed on David in the movie because she thinks it is what she wants. We must all keep be level minded when we are making decisions, Lone Scherfig has alerted this too the audience that these choices we make are important and they lead leave a mark on us forever.Mrs. Stubbs is a very influential person in Jennys life. Mrs. Stubbs life could foreshadow one that Jenny might live if she gets an education at Oxford. Mrs. Stubb s is Jennys English teacher, and she studied at Cambridge. Cambridge is a very prestigious civilize, which is very similar to Oxford. Both schools stay fresh high reputation and only the elite and highly respected can attend these two schools. sagacity from the lifestyles of the female role models around her, Jennys future can be narrowed crop up to two options housewife or a secretary if she doesnt get an education. In order to negate those to paths in life, Jennys caring but overly concerned parents Jack and Marjorie and Mrs. Stubbs forcefully suggest an education at Oxford.In order to market herself as a valuable candidate, Jenny must sentiency English, Latin, French (hence the title), and show cultural breadth (her hobby is the cello). Yet, if all goes according to plan, Jenny will meet a similarly cultured wealthy man and will no longer need to do any of those things. The irony, of course, is that an Oxford education is simply a means of making the bait more alluring. Jen ny comes to this acknowledgement early into Scherfigs film and asks the question Why must I attend Oxford when I could easily take a shortcut and reach the same inevitable conclusion by attending the school of life? Id have a lot more fun. David is a shortcut other(prenominal) Oxford and is also a lot more entertaining and fun. Jenny must open her mind up to the possibilities that Oxford and an education can grant her. She must again keep her mind open sometimes the path that is not as clear is often the better choice. As the viewer we want Jenny to go to Oxford and we can see how her decision will make a last imprint on her. We want her to attend and it makes us reflect on all those important decisions we have all had to make in our lives.In order to market herself as a valuable candidate, Jenny must ace English, Latin, French (hence the title), and show cultural breadth (her hobby is the cello). Yet, if all goes according to plan, Jenny will meet a similarly cultured wealthy ma n and will no longer need to do any of those things. The irony, of course, is that an Oxford education is simply a means of making the bait more alluring. Jenny comes to this realisation early into Scherfigs film and asks the question Why must I attend Oxford when I could easily take a shortcut and reach the same inevitable conclusion by attending the school of life? Id have a lot more fun. David is a shortcut past Oxford and is also a lot more entertaining and fun. Jenny must open her mind up to the possibilities that Oxford and an education can grant her. She must again keep her mind open sometimes the path that is not as clear is often the better choice. As the viewer we want Jenny to go to Oxford and we can see how her decision will make a last imprint on her. We want her to attend and it makes us reflect on all those important decisions we have all had to make in our lives.In order to market herself as a valuable candidate, Jenny must ace English, Latin, French (hence the title ), and show cultural breadth (her hobby is the cello). Yet, if all goes according to plan, Jenny will meet a similarly cultured wealthy man and will no longer need to do any of those things. The irony, of course, is that an Oxford education is simply a means of making the bait more alluring. Jenny comes to this realisation early into Scherfigs film and asks the question Why must I attend Oxford when I could easily take a shortcut and reach the same inevitable conclusion by attending the school of life? Id have a lot more fun. David is a shortcut past Oxford and is also a lot more entertaining and fun. Jenny must open her mind up to the possibilities that Oxford and an education can grant her. She must again keep her mind open sometimes the path that is not as clear is often the better choice. As the viewer we want Jenny to go to Oxford and we can see how her decision will make a last imprint on her. We want her to attend and it makes us reflect on all those important decisions we ha ve all had to make in our lives.The lowest route Jenny can take is one of the most common paths young women in the 1960s take and that is to become a housewife and mother. This path requires no education apart from how to cook, undress and sew. These three things are all taught at school along with dancing and posture. These are all qualities a trusty housewife needs to make their husband look first class and not themselves. In the very opening scenes of the movie we see a montage of shots that exhibit the young girls in the 1960s scholarship these qualities. This opening scene illustrates to the audience the traditional expectations of young women. This kind of education the women are getting is to set them up to be wives, to be like Marjorie. Jenny however is different to the other girls. Her education will not stop her hopefully but instead it will continue on at Oxford. unitary of the most important scenes shown in the movie is when Jenny comes home after being out for the darkness with David for the first time.When we see Marjorie in this shot we can see her through the kitchen door trying to clean a casserole dish. Marjorie is completely framed inside her world. By marrying Jack it has trapped inside this world, there is no fun parties or lavish concerts, instead she is a housewife, and I cant get this casserole dish clean. We had hot-pot tonight, and its all burnt round Jenny is confused though as its twenty-five to twelve. We finish tea at seven. Jenny soon realises that this is a life you get trapped in, and once you enter into it there isnt any escape. Jenny is different from the other girls at school she is smart. She will not become a housewife and we can see how fantastic it is to stand out and be different. With this comes choice though resulting in hard decisions. Jenny is forced to make one and as the viewer Lone Scherfig has positioned us to see how all the choices we make in our lives will and can affect us.Jenny is forced to make a dif ficult decision, and she is conflicted between what she wants to do in life. At this stage in her life she can has to have between becoming her mother, Helen or Mrs. Stubbs. With decisions comes conflict and Jenny is internally conflicted with all of these options. Lone Scherfig has effectively make the audience look back on all of the decisions we have had to make in our lives and how they have molded us into who we are today. Our paths should lead us all to a goal and desire. We can only know this when if youre walking down the right path and youre willing to keep walking, eventually youll make progress.

Soil Erosion and Public Health in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

tillage Erosion and Public wholesomeness in Nigeria Essay colly Erosion and Public substantiallyness in NigeriaIntroduction Soil eating away and environmental degradation ar some of the mainly severe general wellness and environmental chores touch or facing human kind /society. Statics show that, human beings obtain 99.7 percent of their f are from the democracy and the rest is obtained aquatic bodies such as oceans and early(a) pissing ecosystems. However, each year more than 10 trillion hectares of pasture orbit are lost by dint of dent corroding and in plough this strike downs the cropland that is avail qualified for human kind to produce his victuals. This loss of cropland has turned to be a serious problem as according to the serviceman health organization, more than 3.6 billion human beings are moveed by malnourishment globally (Showers, 2005). Generally, stigma is being lost from land areas 10 to 40 times alacritous than the graze of est ate renewal imperiling future human victuals security and environmental woodland. This paper critically examines the equal of stigma eroding towards in the populace eye(predicate) health in evolution countries specifically Nigeria (Showers, 2005). Soil corrosion is wizard of the mark environmental degradation problems in the developing world. Despite the enormous existence of lit on causes, and intrusions of flat coat eroding a concrete understanding of this complex problem is neglecting in the developing countries. The analysis discusses the negative impacts of fault wear towards the public health lot (Cornell University, 2006). Loss of soil from the land surfaces through the demonstrate of soil erosion is spreading globally and negatively affects the doing of close all natural ecosystems as well as agricultural. Together with the escalating human population worldwide, soil erosion, muscle and water system availability, and loss of biodiversity are ranked as the prime environmental problems all over the world (Beinart, 2008). The change that is inflicted on the soil through human induced erosion over the years is solid and has in turn resulted in valuable land becoming unproductive and eventually it is abandoned. Soil erosion reduces soil quality and hence bring down soil productivity as well that of natural, agricultural and early(a) elated ecosystems. Public health can be summarized as the art and science of avoiding disease as well prolonging and promoting life and health respectively. Soil erosion has been one of the major threats to public globally as its effects have threatened the health system in communities (African Development Foundation, 1994). Public Healthcare in NigeriaThe expanses national government is and has been responsible for the provision of efficient health care upon its large number. The Nigerian government is the one responsible for providing adequate health care to its people. Health care provision i n Nigeria is a simultaneous duty done by the three tiers of administration in the country (Vanlauwe et al, 2005). Its twist is such in a way that, the Federal governments role is limited to coordinating the dealings of the University education Hospitals, Federal Medical Centers. On the former(a) hand, the state management focuses its responsibility for managing various general hospitals, while the local government focuses on dispensaries. In addition, private providers of health care significantly contri simplye to health care delivery. Even though the spending on health in Nigeria has risen from Nairas 12.48 million in 1970 to 120.98 million in 2010, health care structure remains ineffective and plays a key role in the poverty status of the country. Over the last two decades, Nigerias public health care system has deteriorated in large partly because of a lack of resources and a brain drain syndrome of Nigerian doctors as well as skilled health workers to another(prenominal) co untries. This as well has been accelerated by the industrial processes which have seen the vast usage of the land, in addition to change magnitude acres practices to cater for the food demand. This, however, has along with natural disasters such as soil erosion brought along a hitch in provision of effective public health care (Orisakwe et al, 2004).Soil erosion This is a natural process that involves dislodgement and removal of soil particles from one place to the other. There are variant factors that contribute to susceptibility of soil to erosion as well as the rate at which it occurs. There are variant types of soil erosion such as water and wind erosion. In other terms, Soil erosion entails breaking down, detaching, transporting, and redistributing of soil constituents. This can be through numerous forces such as water, wind, or gravity. globally soil erosion has been a thing of botheration and interest, oddly its impact on cropland. This is because of its impacts on c rop productivity and soil quality as well as its off-site effects on water quality and quantity, air quality, and biological activity. Cropland includes cultivated and non-cultivated cropland. Soil Erosion in NigeriaNigeria is one of the African countries with luxuriously population, which is around over 170 million people with more than 400 ethnic groups. More than 80 % of Nigerias population rely entirely on farming for their upkeep and economic gains. Since the early twentieth century, soil erosion in Nigeria has been earmarked as a key problem in the country, non scarcely a threat to the agricultural sector, but as well as a threat to the public health through the process of environmental degradation. One of the major negative points to note is that, the current rate of soil erosion is uplifteder than the rate of production. This has in turn threatened the current practices in agriculture. The high rate of soil erosion suggests that, agricultural practices are un celebrat eable under prevailing geological conditions. The process of judge and managing these processes has significant long term repercussion for cropland sustainability, natural resource state and health, not forgetting the environmental quality (Berkhout et al, 2011). Soil erosion is a major problem which is confronting health and land resources in Nigeria. Previous researches in the country have indicated that, more than 70% of the countrys surface has been affected by different types of soil erosion and of different intensities. Despite the process being a natural process, human activities such as overgrazing and clear of vegetation accelerates it. Degradation of land is the loss of topsoil and in turn reducing its productivity. Moreover, it leads to sedimentation of water bodies which increases suspended sediment concentration in streams, with consequent effects on ecosystem health (Iwegbue et al, 2012). Fig. 1.0 Gully Erosion Site at Urualla Imo State, Nigeria (Agbenin, 2002) invasion of soil erosion on public health in NigeriaOne of the major concerns about soil erosion in SA is the pollution effects caused by the soil erosion. Soil erosion has greatly led to the loss of vegetation, leaving the land bare. This leads to accumulation of dust in the air. This in turn impacts air quality in the country and mostly the greatly affected regions such as Camperdown and Greytown districts. Soil erosion has been one of the catalysts of the de timberlandation process in Nigeria. Deforestation is the loss of trees which are indispensable in the support of human activity as well as protecting the environment. Deforestation makes peoples life harder as it destroys the habitats of numerous creatures and contributes to desertification. Poor air quality poses a public health to the Nigerian confederation as it leads to asthmatic problems as well as other airborne diseases. In summary, soil erosion leads to an increase the amount of dust carried by wind. Does this no t only at as an air pollutant and an abrasive, but in any case carries along about more than 20 human infectious disease organisms such as tuberculosis and anthrax (Agbenin, 2002). Soil erosion leads to numerous soil contamination which also impacts on human health. Over the time, there has been a significant pollutant in the air as well as water, which contributes to poor health among the citizens. Through the process of soil erosion, the pollutants in the air and on the balls surface are washed into the water bodies through soil erosion. Industrialization on the other hand, has resulted in soil pollution with heavy metals which have posed a health problem to the Nigerian communities. Some of the harmful elements washed into water bodies include mercury, lead, arsenic, fluoride, Asbestos, cadmium, benzene and hazardous pesticides which all of them are chemicals of public concern. These heavy metals are frequently washed into water bodies and in turn contaminating the fresh wate r consumed by people in Nigeria. Metals such as arsenic are termed as carcinogenic as well as causing bone marrow and blood diseases when taken for a long fulfilment of time. Asbestos on the other hand causes lung carcinoma, liver and kidney damage. Many of these elements have negatively impacted the provision of effective public health services (Salami et al, 2003). Mining has been one of the economic activities in Nigeria, however, this has not been for the benefit of the farming and environment protections as it had been a health risk to the familiarity. When water erosion (which is the prominent agent of erosion in Nigeria) sweeps across the mining fields much of the minerals are brush into the water bodies. Some of the elements are toxic and a risk to human health. In addition, the gases released from the mining areas are carried as dust through wind erosion and in turn posing a health problem to the Nigerians especially the community living near the mining areas. For examp le, sulphur dioxide causes damage of the respiratory system. In addition, the sulphur compounds also affect visibility, reduction of sunlight, unpleasant smells, irritation and smarting in the eyes, nose and throat which is a health concern to the community around the mining areas (Salami et al, 2003). Acidity in the soil and water bodies has been a public health to the Nigerian community. Soil erosion leads to the accumulation of solid bollocks in water bodies. This has become a serious environmental problem facing Nigeria. The consequence of these solid wastes is pollution of water, land and air not forgetting to recognition is hazardous to womens health as well as their social well being. With the increased urbanization in the country as well as high population, the amount of solid waste being generated has greatly increased. At the moment, virtually all the major cities in Nigeria are faced with the adventure of solid waste management. The wastes are in one way or another move into rivers and other water bodies. Due to their daily involvement with farming and house chores, women are exposed to numerous transmissible diseases such as typhoid, dysentery, cholera, yaw malaria, yellow fever, and relapsing fever that affect women are associated with improper government of wastes (Oladapo et al, 2009). Soil erosion has drastically reduced land productivity, especially the southern parts of Nigeria. In addition, soil erosion has also led to essential nutrient depletion as a form of land degradation. This has brought along severe economic impact in Nigeria. Reduced land production has severely affected food production in the country. The result of this is a shortage of food in the communities. Reduced food production in the community has increased the impact of drought to the residents. With reduced food production, the community cannot be able to sustain their people and in turn when the dry season comes along, the communities are largely hit by drought . Over the last 30 years, soil erosion in Nigeria has rendered more that 32% of arable land unproductive, this has in turn led to severe food shortage as well as food related diseases such as kwashiorkor among the children in Nigerian farming communities (Sotona Adesodun, 2014). Soil erosion on the other hand has contributed to fill up occurs throughout Nigeria in three main forms which are urban, river and coastal flooding. For example, urban flooding such as the Ogunpa disaster which claimed over 200 lives and damaged dimension worth millions of Naira in Ibadan, are common occurrences. Flooding and accumulation of waste product has as well posed a public health concern to the Nigerians, especially the communities living along rivers and coastal lines. About 60 % of the soil that is swept away by the erosion process ends up in rivers, lakes and streams. This makes waterways more prone to flooding as well as contamination from soil, pesticides and fertilizers which are harmful to human health not only in Nigeria but also globally. Soil erosion is believed to have severe and adverse effect on the developing countries economic stability. Nigeria is termed as a developing country and it has suffered economically as a result of soil erosion. Large sums of funds have been deployed in the fight against the menace and its especially the impact to the countrys health care system (Ehigiator Anyata, 2011). The stubborn persistence of soil erosion in Nigeria as well as its threat to public health has raised numerous ethical questions recent times. exit humanity from health menace caused by soil erosion is a moral obligation that weighs on the Nigerian government more heavily as the capabilities and technology advance continues to be experienced. The world and Nigeria in particular, undoubtedly has the productive capacity to produce adequate quality health care and facilities not to mention their ability to control or resist soil erosion and in turn eradicate he alth risks to the people. In recent years, rapid technology advances have led to better environmental management, however soil erosion management or prevention in Nigeria has not been fully achieved and in turn hindering good public health (Edosomwan, 2013). The value of enhancing the well being of the Nigerians, today almost all the nations recognizes the penury to enhance the well being of its people. While charity necessary might be necessary to reply to pressing paying backs in the community, it can not, however, provide for long-term solutions such as the case of soil erosion menace. Long term reversal of such cases can only be achieved through providing the Nigerians with skills, capital, employment, education and opportunities. In addition, for sustainable agriculture and boorish development to flourish, as well as a valuable rural infrastructure must be in place as well as policy that volition promote effective farming methods as well as soil erosion prevention quan tifys (Adedipe, 1992).Measures to reduce negative effects of soil erosion in Nigeria The Nigerian government together with World Health Organization has embarked on education, strategy for the farmers on how to improve their farming practices as well as how to prevent soil erosion in their farms. Effective farming practices within the communities are estimated to reduce the extent of soil erosion by 40 %. This would in turn reduce the amount of harmful elements being swept through soil erosion into water bodies. Moreover, farmers are encouraged to plant trees to reduce the desertification process as well as arrest the deforestation process. For example, the World Bank has financed the rehabilitation of land in Enugu, a region with massive gullies caused by erosion in order to prevent loss of life and property (Adeniyi, 1986). The government has also embarked on landscaping and building of dykes in order to reduce the problem of flooding. The issue of uncontrolled floods from reg ions such as Osina and Akokwa has raised the concern of flood control. Residents of the Urualla community, for example, had themselves committed towards finding a perpetual solution to the problem especially their financial contribution to the cost of the engineering design for the site and urged them to sustain the momentum. Through the arrest of soil erosion, the government has managed to somewhat control the menace of soil erosion and especially its negative effect to the health sector. The fight against the malaria epidemic in African countries has been a success which is one of diseases caused by flooding as a result of soil erosion. Lastly, the government and NGOs have embarked on educating the community members on healthy living such as ways to avoid water borne diseases. As well as providing adequate medical attention when needed (Ananda Herath, 2003).Conclusions Nigeria is subject to soil erosion, due to deprived farming practices, together with erodible soils. When con sidered across all land-use types, it is clear that soil degradation is perceived as more of a problem in Agulu-Nanka (Plate 1), Obioma, Nsuka, and slight of a problem in Borno, Kaduna, Kano and Sokoto. This has in turn turned to be a massive public health menace to the community not only in Nigeria but globally as well. It is clear that the process of soil erosion has brought along complicated health problems. The measure has been implemented to reduce the menace of soil erosion and in turn minimize the negative impact on public health. Despite the dedicated collaborative efforts of both the concerned parties such as the Nigerian government, NGOs, donor agencies provide an effective and efficient health care delivery in the county, confronting problems renders these efforts much less than desired. Some of the problems include poor farming practices, poor waste disposal, deforestation, which is believed to be a catalyst to soil erosion, re-emergence of HIV/AIDS pandemic, poor qua lity care as well as irrational appointments of health workers has not done the sector any good. Lack of information on prevention of soil erosion as well as the weight of these problems, is further compounded by insufficient budget allocation, lack of strategic plan and prepare for epidemics/pandemics.ReferencesAdedipe, N.O. (1992) The African Environment A changing and Scary ScenarioAdeniyi E.O. (1986) Environmental oversight and Development in Nigeria A paper presented at the proceedings of a National Conference on Development and the Environment, Rosprint Industrial Press Ltd.African Development Foundation (U.S.). (1994).Participatory development ADF, funded projects, 1993. Washington, DC (1400 midsection St., NW, Washington 20005 The Foundation.Agbenin, J. (2002). The impact of long-term cultivation and management history on the status and dynamics of carbon monoxide gas in a savanna Alfisol in Nigeria.European Journal Of Soil Science,53(2), 169-174. doi10.1046/j.1365-2389.20 02.00433.xAnanda, J., Herath, G. (2003). Soil erosion in developing countries a socio-economic appraisal.Journal Of Environmental Management,68(4), 343. doi10.1016/S0301-Berkhout, E. D., Schipper, R. A., Van Keulen, H. H., Coulibaly, O. O. (2011). Heterogeneity in farmers production decisions and its impact on soil nutrient use Results and implications from northern Nigeria.Agricultural Systems,104(1), 63-74. doi10.1016/j.agsy.2010.09.006Beinart, W. (2008).The rise of saving in Nigeria Settlers, livestock, and the environment, 1770-1950. Oxford Oxford University Press.Cornell University. (2006, March 23). Soil Erosion Threatens Environment and Human Health, Study Reports. ScienceDaily. Retrieved June 26, 2014 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/03/060322141021.htmEdosomwan, N. L., Obazuaye, E. E., Edosomwan, E. U. (2013). Impacts Of Dam On Characteristics Of tropic Rainforest Soils And Sediments In South Central Nigeria.Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research,47(1), 73-77.4 797(03)00082-3Ehigiator, O. A., Anyata, B. U. (2011). Effects of land clearing techniques and tillage systems on runoff and soil erosion in a tropical rain forest in Nigeria.Journal Of Environmental Management,92(11), 2875-2880. doi10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.015Iwegbue, C. A., Nwajei, G. E., Eguavoen, O. I. (2012). Impact of Land-Use Patterns on Chemical Properties of Trace Elements in Soils of Rural, Semi-urban, and Urban Zones of the Niger Delta, Nigeria.Soil Sediment Contamination,21(1), 19-30. doi10.1080/15320383.2012.636772Oladapo, O. T., Adetoro, O. O., Fakeye, O., Ekele, B. A., Fawole, A. O., Abasiattai, A., Dada, O. A. (2009). National data system on near miss and agnatic death shifting from maternal risk to public health impact in Nigeria.Reproductive Health,68-18.Orisakwe, O., Asomugha, R., Afonne, O., Anisi, C. N., Obi, E., Dioka, C. (2004). Impact of Effluents from a Car Battery Manufacturing Plant in Nigeria on Water, Soil, and Food Qualities.Archives Of Environme ntal Health,59(1), 31-36.Pretty, J. N. (1995).regenerate agriculture Policies and practice for sustainability and self-reliance. Washington, D.C Joseph Henry Press.Salami, A., Jimoh, M. A., Muoghalu, J. I. (2003). Impact Of Gold, Mining On Vegetation And Soil In southwestern Nigeria.International Journal Of Environmental Studies,60(4), 343-352.Showers, K. B. (2005).Imperial gullies Soil erosion and conservation in Lesotho. Athens (Ohio Ohio University Press.Smil, V. (2001). feeding the world A challenge for the twenty-first century. Cambridge, Mass MIT PresSotona, T., Salako, F., Adesodun, J. (2014). Soil physical properties of selected soil series in relation to compaction and erosion on farmers fields at Abeokuta, southwestern Nigeria.Archives Of Agronomy Soil Science,60(6), 841-857. doi10.1080/03650340.2013.844334Vanlauwe, B. B., Diels, J. J., Sanginga, N. N., Merckx, R. R. (2005). Long-term integrated soil fertility management in South-western Nigeria Crop performance and im pact on the soil fertility status.Plant Soil,273(1/2), 337-354. doi10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2Source document

The Use Of Union Dues For Political Activities Essay Example for Free

The Use Of Union Dues For governmental Activities EssayA union is an tie-up that represents workers well creation to running their salaries, work hours and working conditions. The workers argon involved in ensuring the unions sustain their activities with its overdue fees to net profit for their services. Workers ar mandated to pay union an outstanding summate atomic number 18 required to know the how their money is being utilized. The organization controlling the unions must give the employees with fair to middling info on how their money is being social occasiond. The work of these unions levy for opinionated goings on continues to be a contentious bonk for both(prenominal) community and closed-door sector unions. This thesis allow for give an popular opinion of the lawful issues of the use of unions dues in America for both community and private sectors. rectitude protects all workers a right to matrimony and get involved in union actions. Workers can talk o ver and discuss with unions over service issues that affect the join workers virtually their operational terms. The bargaining items include issues give care salaries, supremacy and penalizing procedures are more or less examples. The workers join the unions for various reasons including, when they feel-o Are unhappy near some aspects of their occupation.o Sense that they are non involved meeting the required changes.o gibe the joining in concert as an answer to their troubles.The union best friend is bad operational system. If the managers attend to workers and let them dictate in policies that influence their jobs and treat them literally, then the workers wont need to join the union. The manager who pay no attention to their employees well being and are dictatorial in their operational style often overhear their companies organized. Most job providers prefer to hire workers who adopt not coupled unions, as the unions may limit the potentiality of the managers.This relat es to findings that openly affect pronounce workers working conditions. In the private sector for example a company may contract out part of its operations, and this may be legal but the effect of that pronouncement has to be discussed with the union. And if the senior workers are made redundant because of the decision to contract out, the contract terms must be evaluated to see the level of harm caused to the involved workers.historic OVERVIEWIn the beginning of the 20th century, as the American economy was building up most(prenominal) employers created bad working conditions for workers. Most workers were from other nations to the US and they were not trained, could not communicate properly in English and had no money to pillow their jobs. Some were from the rural areas of America and were most occupants of the towns. They were misused because slew looking for jobs were many. Due to economical growth, it resulted to understanding in the midst of the employers and employees. T his understanding made people to loose their jobs, olibanum created poverty. During this period a private sector union was allowed to operate called the Wagner act of 1935 also called (National Labor dealings Act).The Wagner Act was enacted to guard employees rights and enable them to form join unions. This allowed them to have a right to be involved in such activities as let ons, picketing and collective bargaining. The Act also enhanced multiple employments as illegal, as the workers can not be interfered with or persuaded in practicing their rights to function or not to engage in combined activities, dictate or interrupt the union activities, categorize workers to prevent them joining together forming an association, expulsion or placing charges against workers who file charges against their employers and or testify against their employees according to the Acts provision, decline to do with the union .The NLRB also formed a self governing organization to enforce American ti re law and its primary actions were as follows-o To identify the actual unit for cooperative bargaining in a company.o To manage documentation elections secret ballot that decided whether the workers were to be represented by a joint free radical.o To avoid and deal with illegal grate Acts.The Taft Hartley Act was enacted and represented a delicate change in connection between the unions and employers. The legislation was formed to bind some of the bureau that the unions had secured under the Wagners Act also it was made to defend the rights of organization and the workers too. The Taft Hartley Act is positive towards the employees concerns against foul labor practices. Joint organizations cannot or persuade workers in the duty of their rights as provided under the Act, insight employees to appropriate each other especially those are not members of labor union for whatever the reason.Including- failing to pay the union levy and joining fees as required to attain membership in the union, decline to accomplish with the management after a good number of employees have decided to be represented by a certain union group, persuade the associates and members to refuse to use products by companies involved in a labor dispute, and charge workers for extreme levy as a condition of relationship in a joint group.The Landrum Griffin Act has sustained this change in lawful surroundings and creatingMore limits in joint groups activities. The Act was enacted to protect joint members and their involvement in the activities and presentation of their joint groups. The Act controls how unions are managed. The Act has three sections includingo Bill of rights for union members, it assures clandestine and seasonal elections to choose their joint group representatives. It also gives the group members the right to take legal action against the union if it abuses their lawful rights.o Requires discern reports to the secretary of labor concerning all economical issues of the joi nt group.o Controls the persons who may be used or employed as union officers.Persons who are found guilty of illegal activities or may have investment interests that may not agree with interests of the joint groups are stopped from holding office. Most of the factors modify the employees in the private sector are same as those affecting the public sector. The legal association between public sector and private sector employees and their bosses are legally not the same at federal and domain level. The government is the supreme ruler and may be compelled by law to carry through certain actions and provide some services.The brass section officials have the permission to take legal action and study supposed decisions to ensure performance of those activities. Negotiation involves the sharing of decision making power between the politics and the joint groups. For instance communal workers at a content level in the most situates are forbidden to strike. In America the lawful hist ory of the communal sector organizations has gone through major reforms.The communal joint groups can be categorized as being at the national level, state employee level and local county and municipal level. The community workers have no rights under the Wagner Act, with the exception of workers of the American postal Service. The Postal Reforms Act in America has a private agency and legalized National Labor dealing Board to decide appropriate negotiating units, oversee version elections, and put in force the unjust labor practice of the Wagner Act.THE USE OF UNION DUES FOR POLITICAL ACTIVITYFederal employees have started negotiating over the terms of their employment. This is due to Lloyd La Follette Act. The Civil Service Act and it gives power to set wages, hours and other terms and conditions of employment. It is prohibited that national workers or their joint groups from dictating in salaries, either before congress, its committee or before heads of executive agencies. It ap pears that on the collective negotiating events of the community unions at both the national and state levels have more than officially trustworthy than their private partners. The national workers have a right to organize and form unions. National workers also have a right to present their views on salaries and terms of employment to companies which h they worked for.It is an illegal practice to tell an employee on basis of color, race, nationality, sex, age, political status and marital status. It is also an offence to interfere with exercise of employee rights or to take disciplinary actions against a worker or categorize an employee because of union activity, or to persuade a regulation that differs with a collective negotiating arranging. An important variation in the legislation is the absence of the right to strike among the federal level employees. While the use of the unions levy for the political activity has always been frowned upon in both the community and private s ectors, thus the issue of has remained a major topic of the debate.Thus, many people solicit that unless closely monitored, the joint groups will continue to utilize their members levy for political activity in disregardless of the lawful constraints for example the American Supreme mash has illegalized the use of union for political activity. The Supreme Court defined the term agency fee and this ruling applies to both communal and private sector workers. The joint group may require all the workers covered by a union security agreement t pay an agency fee which is designed to cover the cost associated with collective bargaining, contract administration and grievance administration procedures.The upstart presidential promotion has once again highlighted the issue of the union dues being utilized for supporting purposes. Congress and many states have enacted or tried to enhance new laws to more lawful constraints in this area. On the one hand, many argue that all that all that is needed is for the catamenia laws as interpreted by the courts are implemented and imposed and no extra legislation is needed. If an employee does not want his or her money used for political purposes, then they have the authority to block this from occurring. some other survey focuses on the pubic sector.The results show that much has been done to make services get-at-able, but how typical they are across the other sectors. Websites in the US commercial sectors including airlines, newspaper, banks, supermarkets, sport, retail and telecommunications have at some percentage achieved their goals. This ending thitherfore suggests that the private sector not superior than the communal unit when it comes to weathervane approachability.ESTMATED VERSUS ACTUAL CONFORMANCEThe outline study requested the respondents to estimate the proportions of sites in each member state that already conform at various levels. Only a few people said that they had data, about the public sector versus community. The most parallel information returned related showed a conformance with the public sector, where there were six unclouded estimates. The most states cannot know the actual conformance of their member states and those can offers low estimates, which makes it clear that they are not coming up with good standards. If we estimate the site studies are representing the administration websites in the states, they shows that there is a recognizable gap in data and comment in between the strategy architectural planning and actual results.Changing this data difference should reform effectiveness of all related strategy interventions. This could be realized more independently by the member states but there may be positive outcomes through union efforts. The internet accessibility observatory project may provide a mechanism for such collaboration and its main objective is to contribute to better accessibility for all citizens and to improve the standards for online services and resources. Recommendation for public policy makers is to develop response mechanisms for closing the data gap between the strategy planning and actual results may provide a mechanism for such collaboration. To produce a strategy for improving awareness throughout the nation by reviewing all the examples of engagement, shows that this study is for improving awareness of web accessibility.Most of the sites studies are those put in place to provide the administration services. They are basically the government sites which offer some degree of interaction or transaction rather than purely informational sites. Provided this particular and the general move towards greater degree of transaction in the government services and web accessibility are more complicated sites might be not easy to make and keep them accessible or create awareness. In the event there is no statistical association between the accessibility and either of the key measures used in that report for online complexity or the availability of the government data online.It is urged that the underlying administration system is in that respect for more significant number of checkpoints and help in meeting a range of others. Position of salary breastplate laws differ from state to state. Washington is the basic state to pass the salary protection law which was supported by a majority of supporters. In other states like California and Oregon took a different position took a different position. The plan allows and requires joint groups to seek annual written permission from each member before utilizing their dues to support a political activity.ConclusionThe discussion over the use of union levy for the supporting activity will continue. Even if the laws are clear that the employees can avoid their money from being used for political purposes, this issue remains contentious. It is wise to say this remains a major issue with closeness of the recent presidential election as an example we see the republic ans are always in the favor of salary protection legislation while the democrats opposed.Experts suggested that the power of the joint unions as a political voice had gone down. The recent figures on the campaign contributions suggest this conclusion may not be true. Therefore it is safe to seize on that this issue will continue to be debated in congress and in state legislatures to every inlet of the country.ReferencesOfficial Title and Summary retrieved on 2nd April 2008 available at www.sos.ca.gov/elections/bp_nov05/voter_info_pdf/entire75.pdf Should we restrict political use of union dues? / Political choice retrieved on 2nd April 2008 available at www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/ inscription/2005/05/06/EDGKDCKGA01.DTL 55k Cached Similar pages Note thisThe Worker Paycheck Fairness Act Ending the Involuntary Use of retrieved on 2nd April 2008 available at www.heritage.org/Research/Labor/BG1156.cfm 58k Labor Relations Education Glossary retrieved on 2n d April 2008 available at www.massnurses.org/labor/education/resources/glossary3.htm 72k